Study Guide for Exam #2

Chem 185 - Spring 2002

Questions on the Exam may be drawn from the following topics.

Closed Notes Portion

These questions will be about facts noted in the course. They will be multiple choice or fill in the blank type questions. They will be on the front of the exam. Once you turn in the closed notes questions you will be allowed to open your notes for the remainder of the exam.

Chapter 6:

  • Definition of valence electrons
  • Know how many valence electrons an element has (p-block and s-block in particular)
  • Definition of an ion
  • Tendencies of elements - which will lose electrons and which will gain electrons
  • Statement of octet rule
  • Definitions of single, double and triple bonds
  • What is the shape of a water molecule?
  • Define electronegativity
  • Trends in electronegativity - what elements are the most electronegative ones?
  • Definition of a polar versus a non-polar bond
  • Definition of an electric dipole
  • Definition of a vector (in class notes only)

Chapter 7:

  • Identify the type of intermolecular force being described.
    • Description of ion-dipole interaction
    • Description of dipole-dipole interaction
    • Description of hydrogen bonding interaction
    • Description of induced dipole - induced dipole
  • What elements are present in any case of hydrogen bonding?
  • Definition of polarizability
  • Definition of solution
  • Definition of solute
  • Definition of solvent
  • Definition of dissolving
  • Definition of saturated and unsaturated solution
  • Know what is present in any concentration unit
  • Definition of molarity
  • Concept of basic structure of soap - what are the "parts"?

 

Open Notes Materials:

Questions in this section will have space for longer answers. They will include questions that require mathematical calculations. They also may ask for brief essay explanations of questions. Any question assigned as part of the suggested problems could be asked (with minor modifications as well).

Chapter 6:

  • Drawing Lewis dot structures (any structure you drew in Laboratory could be asked)
  • Describe how an ionic bond forms
  • Be able to predict the ion that forms from an atom - and given a metal and a non-metal what formula would form for the ionic compound they make.
  • Covalent bonds and how they lower the energy.
  • Relate the concept of taste to the shape of molecules.
  • What is VSEPR theory and why does it work (what does it assume about electrons)
  • How is taste used as a science topic in elementary school classrooms.
    • Describe an experiment that can be done for taste (one was done in the classroom)
  • Describe how electronegatvity relates to bond polarity or ionic bonding.
  • Describe why water is a polar molecule
  • How is polarity of a molecule observed? Describe a property or a demonstration.

Chapter 7:

  • What is the relative strength of intermolecular interactions?
  • What is an induced dipole and how is it formed by an ion or a dipole?
  • Describe how hydrogen bonding is a special case of dipole-dipole interactions.
  • How is the size of a molecule related to its induced dipole forces?
  • Calulations using molarity for solutions of sucrose or salt.
  • What factors affect solubility and how do they affect it?
  • How does science factor in consumer tastes in products it helps produce?
  • How does soap work?
  • What is the difference between a soap and a detergent?
  • How is hardness of the water related to soaps?