FRESHMAN SCHOLARS SEMINAR: PERSONALITY THEORIES:

PERSPECTIVES ON "WHY YOU ARE WHO YOU ARE"

 

Instructor: Michael T. Hynan                             Office: Garland  202C

Office Hours: M: 2:00 - 3:00 & W: 1:30-2:30   Phone: 229-5099 (office) or 229-4746 (main office)

e-mail: hynan@uwm.edu <mailto:hynan@csd.uwm.edu>

reflector: adler@uwm.edu <mailto:adler@uwm.edu>

Home page: www.uwm.edu/~hynan <http://www.uwm.edu/~hynan>

 

Text: Personality: Selected Readings in Theory. by Willard B Frick

(Ed.), F. E. Peacock, 1995. In addition to the Personality textbook that I will give to you, there is an online personality text by Dr. C. G. Boeree at:http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/perscontents.html

 

COURSE DESCRIPTION: Psychologists are interested in explaining WHY people do what they do. One of the possible explanations comes from a person’s personality. We will examine a variety of viewpoints concerning an adult’s personality development; including Freud, Jung, Adler, Erikson, Horney, Rogers, Maslow, and Behaviorism. We will also study "optimal adult functioning" from each viewpoint. You will be given the opportunity to take personality tests in order to understand your own "traits". Such testing will be optional (but strongly recommended), and feedback will be confidential. We will also examining research regarding the importance of personality in explaining "Why we do what we do."

 

COURSE GOALS:

   1. You will be learning skills necessary for success in college by A) writing papers, B) contributing to class discussion, C) making presentations, and D) using e-mail, library, and the world wide web.

   2. By studying a number of personality theories, you will learn to conceptualize different personality theories in terms of A) core tendencies and characteristics, B) developmental considerations, and C) the resultant personality traits.

   3. You will come to understand your own personality traits (which are in a continual process of change) by taking personality tests and learning your scores.

   4. Using the framework of Goal 2, by presenting in class and discussing you will learn how these theories attempt to explain the development of A) adult personality traits in general and B) your own personality traits in particular.

   5. You will also learn the limitations of personality variables in explaining "Why We Do What We Do" by learning the role of research in evaluating the validity of personality theories.

 

Most of the perspectives on personality come from the thoughtful speculations of individuals (often psychotherapists), who relied on their own introspection, experience with patients, observations of the

world around them, and idiosyncratic scientific methods to formulate and revise their theories. Each theorist has also been influenced by both other theorists and cultural perspectives. In this class we will examine the structure and dynamics of personality in each theory. If you are taking this course to find the best or true theory of personality (or a complete understanding of yourself), you will be disappointed. Instead, this class can be better described as an exploration into a world of fascinating (and sometimes

outlandish) ideas about how people relate to themselves and to their social world. And, hopefully, we can all learn a little more about ourselves.

 

In order to relate Personality Theories to our daily lives, each participant in the class (Michael Hynan included) will be encouraged to complete a few questionnaires designed to measure personality traits.

Once we have an idea of our own personality characteristics, we will be in a better position to understand how the different theories attempt to explain why we are who we are.

 

POLICIES AND PROCEDURES: Both class attendance and participation are ESSENTIAL to being successful in this class. This is not a lecture class. It is a STUDENT-CENTERED CLASS where you will be doing the reading, thinking, talking, debating, writing, and presenting. I understand that illnesses and emergencies do come up, so I will allow each of you 2 absences from class without penalty. After that, your grade will go down one-third a grade for each class missed (for example, A- to B+, B to B-). Expect that I will call on each one of you in class, asking a question or asking for comments. IT IS ALL RIGHT (AND IN FACT ENCOURAGED) IN THIS CLASS TO SAY THINGS LIKE: "I DON’T KNOW", "GIVE ME SOME TIME TO THINK", "LET ME LOOK SOMETHING UP", or "I’M GUESSING HERE". EXPECT YOUR INSTRUCTOR TO USE MANY OF THESE TERMS AND SOME OTHERS DURING OUR "STUMP THE PROF. DAYS".

 

TIME COMMITMENT: As a general rule of thumb, in college you should spend at least 2-3 hrs. working outside of class for every hour spent in class. So for this 3 credit course, you should be spending at least 6-9 hours a week on homework. This will involve reading, preparing for class discussions and presentations, research in the library and www, and writing papers. You should ALWAYS come to class prepared. The out-of-class writing assignments have many purposes other than writing exercises. Out-of-class writing requires that you read the assignment and think about it critically, in order to write a coherent paper.

 

WRITTEN WORK: This class involves a great deal of both in-class and out-of-class writing. All written work done out-of-class must be typed. Expect to write something in class almost every class period. In-class writing will be un-graded, but must be turned in to certify attendance. Most written work outside of class will be 1 page, typed papers (250 words max.), which will account for a significant part of your grade. Unless announced otherwise, there is a 1 page paper assigned every WED., which must by turned in the following MON. These out-of-class papers will be graded on a pass-fail basis. These papers will be graded for spelling and grammar as well as content. You will also be asked to make presentations to the class based on your written work. Class presentations and participation will also be included in your final

grade. Early in the semester, I anticipate that the majority of your class presentations will be accomplished by reading from your assigned papers (although this is not required). Later in the semester, I will expect that presentations will be facilitated by note cards, not complete papers. We will have practice at this. Those of you that attend class regularly, complete all written and oral assignments, and contribute comments to the seminar may expect to receive a grade of B or better. On occasion, students will have the opportunity to re-write papers to gain a better grade. Help with writing is also available from the PEER MENTORING PROGRAM LOCATED IN BOLTON 192.

 

One major requirement for the class will be a paper of 5-7 pages that will present an original case study. Each student will be asked to create an account of a FICTIONAL individual. Each paper must include a

description of the major personality traits of the individual. Then, from one or more theoretical perspectives, the student must present a description of developmental experiences that plausibly explain WHY THIS PERSON IS THE KIND OF PERSON S/HE IS. The final submission of this paper is not subject to revision. You will receive feedback, however, on an earlier draft of your final paper.

 

GRADING: I anticipate that the final grade will be based on 1-page papers (48%), final paper (22%), class presentations (20%), and general participation (10%). We will discuss and negotiate the exact procedure for final grading during the first 2 weeks of the semester.

 

COURSE OUTLINE:

 

Sept. 7-Introductions and Course Overview-Presenter: Michael Hynan

Assignment; read: Definition of Personality on web page </~hynan/407/407INT.html>

and the section from your Text (usually in Chapt. 1) on the definition of Personality.

 

Sept. 12-Introductions and Course Overview, continued.

 

Sept. 14-How "Personality" fits into "Psychology"—Presenter: Michael Hynan

Exercise: The "Shy" Man. Assignment due Sept. 19 —1 page paper (250 words, max.) based on Philip Chard’s article. For this paper, think of someone you know who is as unpredictable as the person in the article. Provide an example or two of inconsistency. Explain why you think that this person seems to have no "personality" (i.e., consistency in behavior). What other specific influences besides "personality" might determine this person’s behavior? You may want to consider why people may act in certain ways (i.e., defensive or phony) that do not reflect their true feelings.

 

Sept. 19-The formal components of a "good" personality theory: Core, Development, and Periphery—Presenter: Michael Hynan. Exercise: Class discussion of the Chard article and your reactions to it.

 

Sept. 21-The 5 factor model: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Openness to Experience —Presenter: Michael Hynan. Read the class web notes on the NEO-PI <NEO.html> Exercise: Taking the Neo-PI (5 factor) questionnaire. Assignment, Due Sept. 26: Write a 1 page paper describing the personality characteristics of any “well-known adult” (e.g., politician, musician, movie/TV star, etc) using the 5 factor model. Imagine that this information is to be used in a chapter in your next best seller, "Personalities of the Rich and Famous". In your judgment, is this person average, above average, or below average on each of the 5 factors? For each of these ratings, provide examples (either real or fictitious) to support your evaluations. Be prepared to present your paper to the class on Sept. 26 or 28.

 

Sept. 26-Feedback and interpretation of the Neo-PI—Presenter: Michael Hynan. Then, Class presentations of the “well-known adult” and discussion: Presenters: Class members.

 

Sept. 28-Continued class presentations of the “well-known adult”. Presenters: Class members. Assignment: Read the web notes on Freud <407FREUD.html> and the Frick text, pp.1-15. Write a 1 page paper due Oct 3. The content of the paper should focus on what the term "unconscious" means to you, providing an example(s) of activities that you believe were unconsciously motivated.

 

Oct. 3-Freud discussion. Assignment: Read Frick pp. 16-32.

 

Oct 5-Continued Freud discussion. In class writing of a dream. Assignment, Due Oct. 10: Write a 1 page paper explaining how Freud would account for the adult personality of the person whose personality

characteristics you described in the first paper. The paper should be a "plausible" explanation of experiences that this person experienced during the oral, anal, and phallic psychosexual stages. You should describe the "fixation(s)" that theoretically caused this person’s adult personality. Be prepared to read your paper in class on Oct. 10 or 12.

 

Oct. 10-Class presentations and discussion: Presenters: Class members.

 

Oct 12-Class presentations and discussion: Presenters: Class members. Assignment: Stump the prof. Find something about Freud’s theory not yet covered in class. Write a question that either has a specific. Then write the answer to that question. Both the question and answer should be brought to class on Oct 17. (our first stump the prof. Day) as your writing assignment. We will spend Oct. 17 discovering just how much Michael Hynan doesn’t know about Freud.

 

Oct. 17-Stump the prof. (Freud) Assignment: Read Adler web notes </~hynan/407/407ADLER.html>

and pp. 33-59 in Frick text.

 

Oct 19-Class discussion of Adler. Exercise: birth order and personality questionnaire followed by class

discussion. Assignment: Read Jung web notes </~hynan/407/407JUNG.html> and Frick pp. 91-103. Take the Keirsey Temperament Sorter II :www.keirsey.com/cgi-bin/keirsey/newkts.cgi on line and get it scored for yourself. Write a 1 page paper, due Oct 24 in the form of a personal want ad seeking a "soul mate". First, describe the seeker (yourself or a person you may wish to create) in Keirsey terminology and list related personality characteristics. Then, describe the "soul mate" in Keirsey terminology and list his/her personality characteristics. It is OK if you get carried away with this exercise and exceed 250 words! Be prepared to present your want ad to the class on Oct 24 or Oct 26.

 

Oct. 24-Class presentations and Jung discussion: Presenters, Class members.

 

Oct 26-Class presentations and Jung discussion: Presenters, Class members. Assignment: prepare for Stump the prof., pt. 2. By writing a 1 page question plus answer using material from Adler and Jung. Follow the same instructions as for questioning me on Freud.  BEGIN PREPARATION OF THE OUTLINE OF YOUR FINAL PAPER, AND GATHER 3 REFERENCES.

 

Oct. 31-Stump the prof. (Jung and Adler) Assignment: Read Horney web notes </~hynan/407/407HORNE.html> and Frick pp. 114-139.

 

Nov. 2-Class discussion of Horney Exercise: Small group work. Create and present 3 pathologically neurotic people. Assignment: Groups will be created and each group will be assigned one of Erikson’s stages to be presented to class on Nov 7 and 19. All of you will be assigned readings from the Erikson web notes </~hynan/407/407ERIK.html> and Frick pp. 140-152. In addition, each group should do extra library/web research regarding their assigned stage. This presentation will not require a formal 1 page

paper. Rather, each group should turn in their informal presentation notes either typed or handwritten.

 

Nov. 7-Erikson presentations and class discussion: A) Trust vs. Mistrust, B) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. C) Initiative vs. Guilt, and D) Industry Vs. Inferiority: Presenters, Class members. OUTLINE OF FINAL PRESENTATION PLUS REFERENCES ARE DUE TODAY.

 

Nov. 9-Erikson presentations, cont’d: E) Identity vs. Role Confusion, F) Intimacy vs. Isolation, G) Generativity vs. Stagnation, and H) Ego Integrity vs. Despair: Presenters, Class members. Assignment: Write a 1 page question and answer in preparation for Stump The Prof (Horney and Erikson) on Nov. 14.

 

Nov. 14. -Stump the Prof (Horney and Erikson) Assignment: Read Skinner web notes  /~hynan/407/407SKINN.html> and Frick pp. 155-178.

 

Nov. 16-Class discussion of Skinner. Exercise and class demonstration: The importance of environmental

contingencies. Assignment: Read Frick pp. 179-199. Write a 1 page paper due Nov. 21 describing how you would change the educational environment at UWM if you were B. F. Skinner making recommendations to the Chancellor.

 

Nov. 21-Class discussion of Skinner. Written evaluation of this seminar from the perspective of B.F. Skinner. Class discussions on how to improve learning. Assignment: Read Maslow web notes </~hynan/407/407MASLO.html> and Frick pp. 265-292.

 

Nov. 23-Class discussion of Maslow. Exercise: In class assignment of writing a paper of how you imagine your life would be if you were self-actualizing. Assignment: COMPLETE THE DRAFT OF YOUR FINAL PAPER WHICH IS DUE NOV 30 & Read Rogers web notes </~hynan/407/407ROGER.html> and Frick pp. 293-314.

 

Nov. 28--Class discussion of Rogers. Exercise: Creating each person’s list of "Conditions of Worth" followed by a discussion of the similarity of these conditions to Horney’s "Tyranny of the Shoulds".

Assignment: Finish the draft of your final paper.

 

Nov 30. DRAFTS OF FINAL PAPERS ARE DUE. Rogers’ movie with class discussion afterward

Assignment: prepare note cards for your final presentations of your Individual projects.

 

Dec. 5, 7, 12, and 14-Presentations of final projects using note cards (not reading your papers).

 

Monday, Dec. 19—The final paper must be handed in by 3:30 p.m.

 

PLEASE NOTE: THE SCHEDULE LISTED ABOVE IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE AT ANY TIME

DEPENDING ON THE NEEDS OF THE CLASS AS JUDGED BY THE INSTRUCTOR. FOR

EXAMPLE, WE MAY DROP A THEORY IN ORDER TO CONCENTRATE ON ANOTHER THEORY OR LEARN HOW TO DO LIBRARY RESEARCH OR WEB SEARCHES.

 

Final grades will be posted using code names provided during the semester. If anyone has need for note-taking or test-taking accommodations, please feel free to come and discuss this with me early in the semester. Also, anyone needing accommodations for religious observances is invited to discuss this with me early in the semester. Information on Psychology Dept. policies on participation by students with

disabilities, accommodation for religious observances, academic conduct, complaint procedures, grade appeal procedures, and other standing policies (e.g., sexual harassment, incompletes) is available in the main office of Psychology, Garland 224.