***    Teacher Resources

Boland, Pat, ed.  Gender-Fair Math.  Newton, MA: WEEA Publishing Center (800-793-0609), 1995.
    This booklet is intended to help administrators, teachers and families develop ways to reduce gender-role stereotyping and encourage girls in grades K-12 mathematics.

Brusselmans-Dehairs, Christine, and Georges F. Henry, guest eds.  International Journal of Educational Research  21 (May 1994) [publisher: Elsevier Science, Tarrytown, NY]
    This theme issue - "Gender and Mathematics" - presents research concerning gender differences in mathematics abilities, achievement, and learning-related factors.

Burton, Leone, ed.  Gender and Mathematics: An International Perspective.  London: Cassell, 1990.
    Chapters by various authors present international research and perspectives on topics under four headings:  Gender and Classroom Practices, Gender and the Curriculum, Gender and Achievement, and Women's Presence.

Campbell, Patricia B.  Encouraging Girls in Math and Science.  Newton, MA: WEEA Publishing Center (800-225-3088), 1992.
    Four 7-page pamphlets provide overviews of strategies and of both in-school and out-of-school programs that can encourage and support girls in mathematics and science fields.

Clewell, Beatriz Chu, Bernice Taylor Anderson, and Margaret E. Thorpe.  Breaking the Barriers: Helping Female and Minority Students Succeed in Mathematics and Science.  San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1992.
    This book examines barriers to participation and achievement in mathematics and science.  It also discusses the structure and implementation of successful intervention programs for minority and female students in grades 4-8 in mathematics, science, and computer science.  It includes case studies of ten effective programs and reference information for various resources.

Davenport, Linda Ruiz.  Promoting Interest in Mathematical Careers among Girls and Women.  Columbus, OH: ERIC/CSMEE, 1994.
    This bulletin (CSMEE Bulletin 94-2) summarizes research on female underparticipation in mathematics and efforts to guide females toward mathematics-related careers.  It is available free from ERIC/CSMEE, 1929 Kenny Rd., Columbus, OH 43210-1080 (614-292-6717); and is also available at www.ericse.org/Bulletins/SEB94-2.html.

Davis, Cinda-Sue, Angela B. Ginorio, Carol S. Hollenshead, Barbara B. Lazarus, Paula M. Rayman, and Associates. The Equity Equation: Fostering the Advancement of Women in the Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering.  San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1996.
    Chapters by various authors present research and practical ideas intended to help individuals and institutions build and maintain a welcoming climate for females in science, mathematics, and engineering.

Fennema, Elizabeth, and Gilah C. Leder, eds. Mathematics and Gender.  New York: Teachers College Press, 1990.
    This book reports American and some Australian research that fosters insight into sex differences in learning mathematics.

Franklin, Margaret.  Add-Ventures for Girls: Building Math Confidence (junior high school teacher's guide).  Newton, MA: WEEA Publishing Center (800-793-0609), 1990.
    This book is designed to help students in grades 6-9 build appropriate mathematics skills and attitudes.  It includes research findings, strategies, activities, and resources under five major topic areas:  Attitudes and Math, Math Relevance, The Learning Environment, Other Issues, and Mathematics Promotion.

Frazier-Kouassi, Susan, O. Malanchuck, P. Shure, D. Burkam, P. Gurin, C. Hollenshead, D. Lewis, P. Soellner-Younce, H. Neal, and C. Davis.  Women in Mathematics and Physics: Inhibitors and Enhancers.  Ann Arbor: Center for the Education of Women (734-998-7080), University of Michigan, 1992.
    This report presents: (a) a literature review of published studies on women in science and mathematics and (b) research data collected at the University of Michigan on what factors enhanced and inhibited undergraduate and graduate students' decisions to pursue or not to pursue academic work and careers in mathematics and physics.

Hanna, Gila, ed.  Towards Gender Equity in Mathematics Education: An ICMI Study.  Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.
    Articles by various authors to explore reasons for the worldwide gender imbalance in mathematics learning and mathematics-related careers.  The articles identify potential areas for change, including curriculum and assessment practices, classroom and school cultures, and teacher education; and report research on gender inequalities and gender-equity initiatives in mathematics education around the world.

Hanson, Katherine.  Teaching Mathematics Effectively and Equitably to Females.  Trends and Issues No. 17.  New York: ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban Education (800-601-4868), 1992.
    This document examines the female experience in mathematics in and, to some extent, out of school.  It suggests ways to create a more equitable environment for both males and females to learn mathematics.  It is also available at SilverPlatter File: ERIC 348 465.

Karp, Karen, E. Todd Brown, Linda Allen, and Candy Allen.  Feisty Females: Inspiring Girls to Think Mathematically.  Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1998.
    This book details how to use literature involving strong female characters to teach mathematics concepts.  It offers strategies and activities for leading students in grades 2-7 to explore four fundamental mathematics areas: number and computation, geometry and measurement, probability and statistics, and algebraic ideas.

Kenschaft, Patricia Clark, and Sandra Zaroodny Keith, eds.  Winning Women into Mathematics.  Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America, 1991.
    This volume discusses cultural influences and presents statistical information about the status of women in mathematics.  It offers suggestions, describes programs, and lists resources related to recruiting, retaining, and acknowledging females in mathematics.

McFarland, Susan.  Girls: Math, Science and Technology: Striving for Self-Esteem and Equity: A Handbook for K-12 Teachers and Parents.  Stanton, MI: Life Enrichment Seminars (800-831-0013), 1997.
    This handbook addresses sex bias at home and in school.  It presents resources and strategies for raising girls' self-esteem and increasing their participation in mathematics, science, and the use of computers.

Parker, Lesley H., Leonie J. Rennie, and Barry J. Fraser, eds.  Gender, Science, and Mathematics: Shortening the Shadow.  Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.
    The chapters by various authors describe research and classroom practices that can help teachers and other change agents play a key role in creating gender-equitable practices in science and mathematics education.

Riley, Jocelyn, producer.  Math at Work.  Madison, WI: Her Own Words (608-271-7083; herownword@aol.com), 1998.
    This fifteen-minute videotape features thirteen women in mathematics-related careers; a resource guide is available.

Rogers, Pat, and Gabriele Kaiser, eds. Equity in Mathematics Education: Influences of Feminism and Culture.  Washington, DC: Falmer Press, 1995.
    The chapters by various authors bring international perspectives to this scholarly look at developments and practices in mathematics education for females.

Rosser, Sue V., ed.  Teaching the Majority: Breaking the Gender Barrier in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering.  New York: Teachers College Press, 1995.
    Various authors report on the status of females in, and suggest female-friendly pedagogies for, mathematics, computer science, engineering, and several science fields.  The book includes two chapters specific to mathematics, as well as a general introductory chapter and a concluding chapter.

Sanders, Jo.  Lifting the Barriers: 600 Tested Strategies That Really Work to Increase Girls' Participation in Science, Mathematics and Computers.  Port Washington, NY: Jo Sanders Publications, 1994.
    This book presents strategies and underlying principles for increasing girls' participation in curricular and extracurricular opportunities in science, mathematics, and computer science.  It is based on the experiences of two hundred K-12 educators from across the United States.

Taylor, Lyn, guest ed.  Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics 18 (winter-summer 1996) [publisher: Center for Teaching/Learning of Mathematics, Framingham, MA].
    These three consecutive journal issues address the theme "Gender and Mathematics: Multiple Voices."  Fifteen articles present research and ideas on numerous issues that focus mainly on how females learn mathematics.

Trentacosta, Janet, and Margaret J. Kenney, eds.  Multicultural and Gender Equity in the Mathematics Classroom: The Gift of Diversity.  Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1997.
    The chapters by various authors present research and classroom practices that embrace cultural diversity and gender equity in efforts to create a powerful mathematics experience for all students.  Gender equity is the specific topic of three of the twenty-eight chapters, although it is an important aspect of many other chapter discussions.
 

***    Web Sites for Teacher Resources

Key Issues: Women and Mathematics

Women and Mathematics Information Server

Women in Mathematics

Women in Mathematics, Computer Science, and Engineering

Women in Mathematics: Resources and Other Useful Stuff

***    Biographical Resources

Association for Women in Mathematics. Profiles of Women in Mathematics: The Emmy Noether Lecturers.  2nd ed.  College Park, MD: Association for Women in Mathematics, 1993.
    This booklet profiles twelve women who have presented Noether Lectures since the lecture series began in     1980.  Each essay is one to two pages long; the booklet also includes a one-page profile of Emmy Noether.  The
Emmy Noether Lectures were established by the Association for Women in Mathematics to honor women who
have made significant contributions to the mathematical sciences.

Brewer, James W., and Martha K. Smith, eds. Emmy Noether: A Tribute to Her Life and Work.  New York: Marcel Dekker, 1981.
    This book details the life and work of Emmy Noether, considered to be the founder of modern abstract algebra.
The first section is mainly biographical; the second, more technical, part combines biographical and
mathematical information.

Cooney, Miriam P., ed.  Celebrating Women in Mathematics and Science.  Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1996.
    These biographies of twenty-two women in mathematics and science across history are each about ten pages
long and feature a black-and-white sketch of the woman being discussed.  The book is written for middle
school and junior high school students but is also appropriate for higher levels.

Dzielska, Maria.  Hypatia of Alexandria.  Translated by F. Lyra.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995.
    This work is a scholarly biography of Hypatia, a renowned Alexandrian mathematician and philosopher who
was murdered by an angry mob in 415 A.D.

Grinstein, Louise S., and Paul J. Campbell, eds.  Women of Mathematics: A Biobibliographic Sourcebook.  New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.
    These biographies and bibliographies illuminate the work of about forty-three female mathematicians across
history.  The book can serve either as a reference or as an inspirational reading for high school students and
up.

Hamrick, Chuck, artist.  "Women in Science and Mathematics." Windsor, CA: National Women's History Project (707-838-600), 1992.  Poster.
    This 22' x 27" poster depicts twenty women from a variety of mathematics and science fields.

Henrion, Claudia.  Women in Mathematics: The Addition of Difference.  Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1997.
    This book challenges dominant myths about mathematicians and mathematics and examines the roots of those beliefs and their impact on women.  It contains biographical profiles of nine contemporary female mathematicians.

Morrow, Charlene, and Teri Perl, eds. Notable Women in Mathematics: A Biographical Dictionary.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1998.
    These biographical essays, with pictures, feature fifty-nine women in, or devoted to, mathematics.  The women, from diverse nations and cultures, lived from the fourth to the twentieth centuries, with a predominance from the twentieth century.

National Science Foundation, Connecting the Past with the Future: Women in Mathematics and Science.  Macomb, IL: Curriculum Publications Clearinghouse, Western Illinois University (800-322-3905; Diana_Burnell@ccmail.wiu.edu), 1993.
    This videotape series includes two tapes that feature female mathematicians - Ada Lovelace and Mary Somerville.  Accompanying classroom materials are also available.

National Women's History Project.  "Outstanding Women in Math and Science."  Windsor, CA: National Women's History Project (707-838-6000), 1991, reprint 1997.  Photo display.
    These 8 1/2" x 11" photographs and short biographies depict twenty-three American female scientists and mathematicians from a wide variety of fields.  Three mathematicians are represented, as well as other scientists who use mathematics.

Osen, Lynn M.  Women in Mathematics.  Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1974, reprint 1995.
    This book profiles eight women in mathematics from the fourth to the twentieth centuries.

Parker, Marla, ed.  She Does Math!  Real-Life Problems from Women on the Job.  Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America, 1995.
    In these career and educational histories, thirty-eight women in mathematics-related fields each present - with solutions - several typical mathematical problems that they encounter in their daily work.  This resource is appropriate for high school student and up.

Perl, Teri.  Women and Numbers: Lives of Women Mathematicians Plus Discovery Activities.  San Carlos, CA: Wide World Publishing/Tetra, 1993.
    The biographies of thirteen female mathematicians from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are accompanied by activities based on the mathematicians' work.  The book has a multicultural focus and contains many pictures.  It is most appropriate for upper elementary and middle school students.

Reid, Constance.  Julia, a Life in Mathematics.  Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America, 1996.
    This work is a biography of Julia Robinson, the first female mathematician to be elected to the National Academy of Science and the first woman to be elected president of the American Mathematical Society.
 

***    Web Sites for Biographical Resources

***    Self-Help Resources for Girls

Careers for Women in Mathematics.  Available from Math/Science Network (510-430-2222; msneyh@mills.edu)
    This eight-page informational and motivational brochure, last updated in 1997, includes the following topics: careers in mathematics, discrimination and sexism, women mathematicians, and suggested further reading.

Careers That Count: Opportunities in the Mathematical Sciences, 1991.  Available from Association for Women in Mathematics (781-237-7517).
    This eighteen-page booklet provides information on careers in the mathematical sciences, mainly through biographical information, with photographs, of fifteen contemporary women in mathematics-related careers and descriptions of the types of work that they do.

Carleton - St Olaf Colleges Summer Mathematics Program for Women Undergraduates.  Contact Deanna Haunsperger, Summer Mathematics Program, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057; 507-646-4360; dhaunspe@mathcs.carleton.edu;

SummerMath: Mount Holyoke College, 50 College St., South Hadley, MA 01075-1441; 413-538-2608

Zaslavsky, Claudia.  Fear of Math: How to Get over It and Get on with Your Life.  New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1994.
    This book examines mathematics anxiety, suggests ways to reduce or overcome it, and lists various related resources.

______________________________
Thanks to Lynda R. Wiest and NCTM for most of these resource ideas!
(Wiest, Lynda R.  "Selected Resources for Encouraging Females in Mathematics."  Mathematics Teacher  Jan. 2001: 14 - 18.)