Student Alert Spring 2005

UWM's Policy on the Clery Act (campus crime reporting),
the Campus Sex Crimes Prevention Act, and
Drug & Alcohol Abuse Prevention Information

The information in this supplement is provided to UWM students as part of the University’s compliance with federal and state laws, including the Student Right to Know and Campus Security Act, the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, the Higher Education Amendments of 1992, the Drug Free Schools and Communities Act, S36.11 Wisconsin Statutes (Sexual Assault), S36.12 Wisconsin Statutes (Student Discrimination) and Chapter UWS 22, Accommodation of Religious Beliefs.

Questions concerning the contents should be directed to the Office of Student Life, Mellencamp 118, 414/229-4632.

Student Alert Sections

• Accommodation of Religious Beliefs
• Discrimination
• Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
• Standards of Conduct and University Procedures Concerning Sex Offenses Prohibited Acts
• Prevention of Sexual Assault
• Hate Crimes
• Campus Security
• Alcohol and Illicit Drugs

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ACCOMMODATION OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
(Source: Chapter UWS 22)

It is the policy of the Board of Regents that students’ sincerely held religious beliefs shall be reasonably accommodated with respect to all examinations and other academic requirements.

1) A student shall be permitted to make up an examination or other academic requirement at another time or by an alternative method, without any prejudicial effect, where:

(a) There is a scheduling conflict between the student’s sincerely held religious beliefs and taking the examination or meeting the academic requirements; and

(b) The student has notified the instructor, within the first three weeks of the beginning of classes (within the first week of summer session and short courses), of the specific days or dates on which he or she will request relief from an examination or academic requirement.

2) Instructors may schedule a make-up examination or other academic requirement before or after the regularly scheduled examination or other academic requirement.

3) Instructors shall accept, at face value, the sincerity of students’ religious beliefs.

4) Student notification of instructors and requests for relief under sub.(1) shall be kept confidential.

5) Complaints of failure to provide reasonable accommodation of a student’s sincerely held religious beliefs as required by this rule may be filed under UWM complaint and grievance procedures (contact the Office of Student Life at 414/229-4632 for information).

DISCRIMINATION

In April 1990, the Wisconsin legislature enacted Statute 36.12 which prohibits discrimination against students in the University of Wisconsin System. This statute states:

“No student may be denied admission to, participation in or the benefits of, or be discriminated against in any service, program, course or facility of the system or its institutions or centers because of the student’s race, color, creed, religion, sex, national origin, disability, ancestry, age, sexual orientation, pregnancy, marital status or parental status.”

The UW Board of Regents has emphasized that discrimination will not be tolerated within the System. Discriminatory conduct encompasses harassment and is inconsistent with the efforts of the System to foster an environment of respect for the dignity and worth of all members of the university community and to eliminate all manifestations of discrimination within the university.

If you have questions about discrimination or wish to file a complaint, contact the Office of Equity/Diversity Services, phone 414/229-5923. Complaints of discrimination must be brought within 300 days of the alleged discriminatory actions. The Office of Equity/Diversity Services will review each complaint, will provide procedural advice and counsel to the complainant and will conduct investigations. Complaints will be processed within 90 calendar days of their receipt.

FAMILY EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS AND PRIVACY ACT (FERPA)

Disclosures Allowed Under FERPA
FERPA allows the release of education records without the consent of the student or his or her parents to authorized representatives of the attorney general for law enforcement purposes.

FERPA permits disclosure to an alleged victim of either a crime of violence or a nonforcible sex offense the final results of any disciplinary action taken against an alleged perpetrator.

UWM has the discretion to disclose the final results of any disciplinary proceeding undertaken against a student who is an alleged perpetrator of a crime of violence or a nonforcible sex offense if, as a result of that disciplinary proceeding, UWM has determined that the student in fact committed the crime or offense. However, the definition of “final results” is limited solely to the name of the student, the violation committed, and any sanction imposed by UWM on that student. Only where a victim or witness has provided written consent may UWM disclose the name of that student.

UWM may disclose to a student’s parent or legal guardian information regarding any drug or alcohol violation (whether pursuant to federal, state or local law, or institutional policy) where the student is under 21 and UWM has determined that the student has committed a disciplinary violation.

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) affords students certain rights with respect to their education records. They are:

• The right to inspect and review the student's education records within 45 days of the day the University receives a request for access.

  Students should submit to the registrar, dean, head of the academic department, or other appropriate official, written requests that identify the record(s) they wish to inspect. The University official will make arrangements for access and notify the student of the time and place where the records may be inspected. If the records are not maintained by the University official to whom the request was submitted, that official shall advise the student of the correct official to whom the request should be addressed.

• The right to request the amendment of the student’s education records that the student believes are inaccurate or misleading.

  Students may ask the University to amend a record that they believe is inaccurate or misleading. They should write to the University official responsible for the record, clearly identify the part of the record they want changed, and specify why it is inaccurate or misleading. If the University decides not to amend the record as requested by the student, the University will notify the student of the decision and advise the student of his or her right to a hearing regarding the request for amendment. Additional information regarding the hearing procedures will be provided to the student when notified of the right to a hearing.

• The right to consent to disclosures of personally identifiable information contained in the student's education records, except to the extent that FERPA authorizes disclosure without consent.

  One exception which permits disclosure without consent is disclosure to school officials with legitimate educational interests. A school official is a person employed by the University in an administrative, supervisory, academic, research, or support staff position (including law enforcement unit personnel and health staff); a person or company with whom the University has contracted (such as an attorney, auditor, or collection agent); a person serving on the board of Trustees; or a student serving on an official committee, such as a disciplinary or grievance committee, or assisting another school official in performing his or her tasks. A school official has a legitimate educational interest if the official needs to review an education record in order to fulfill his or her professional responsibility. Upon request, the University discloses education records without consent to officials of another school in which a student seeks or intends to enroll.

• The right to file a complaint with the U.S. Department of Education concerning alleged failures by the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee to comply with the requirements of FERPA.

The name and address of the office that administers FERPA is: Family Policy Compliance Office, U.S. Department of Education, 600 Independence Ave. SW, Washington, D.C. 20202-4605. Additional text available at: www.uwm.edu/Dept/DES/ferpa/ferpamanual.pdf.

STANDARDS OF CONDUCT AND UNIVERSITY PROCEDURES
CONCERNING SEX OFFENSES PROHIBITED ACTS

The University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee prohibits sexual assault, sexual harassment, and other sex offenses (forcible or nonforcible) on university property or in conjunction with university activities. Wisconsin statutes define these offenses.

Sexual assault, including acquaintance rape, as described in ss.940.225 and 948.02, is any sexual contact or sexual intercourse with a person without the consent of that person. Consent means words or overt actions by a competent person indicating freely given agreement to the sexual contact or intercourse. Consent is not an issue when the person involved is less than 16 years of age, unconscious or unable to communicate, or is suffering from mental illness or defect. Acquaintance rape is sexual assault committed by someone the victim knows. Date rape is acquaintance rape. At least one-third of all reported rape victims know their attacker.

Sexual harassment, as defined in s.111.32(13) and by UWM’s sexual harassment policy, includes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature where the two parties are of unequal power. Harassment between equals is also possible. Conduct which unreasonably interferes with an individual’s work or educational performance or which creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive environment for work or learning also constitutes sexual harassment. UWM policy prohibits all sexual harassment including consenting amorous or sexual relationships between an instructor and student or an employee and supervisor.

Sexual exploitation by a therapist under s.940.22 includes intentional sexual contact by any therapist with a client during an ongoing therapist/client relationship. Consent is not an issue in these cases. Harassment under s.947.013 is also prohibited.

Procedures in cases of sexual offenses
(A) Resource people and offices The persons and offices described below are immediately responsible for enforcing sexual offense policies.

1. University Police Sandburg WB90 414/229-4627
   All incidents of sexual assault which occur on campus are to be reported to the police.
   
2. Office of Student Life Mellencamp 118 414/229-4632
   Responsible for compiling reports of sexual assault. Receives complaints, investigates and resolves cases involving students who commit sexual assault on campus. Takes disciplinary action against students who are found guilty of sexual offenses.
   
3. Office of Equity/Diversity Services Mitchell 359 414/229-5923
   Responsible for receiving reports of sexual harassment. Receives complaints, investigates, resolves cases.
   
4. All employees who are supervisors
   Responsible for reporting sexual harassment, other sex offenses to Office of Equity/Diversity Services, 414/229-5923
   
5. All employees – faculty, staff, students
   Responsible for reporting sexual assaults to the Dean of Students.

(B) Response Procedures
In the case of sexual harassment, the UWM Policy on Sexual Harassment defines the procedures to be followed. This policy is available from the Office of Equity/Diversity Services.

Sexual assault is a criminal offense and the police are primarily responsible for enforcement and investigation. For immediate help after an assault, contact:
Milwaukee Police 911
University Police 9911 (from an on-campus phone)
Sexual Assault Treatment Center 414/937-5555

In any case, the Dean of Students must be notified either by the victim or any UWM employee who has knowledge of such an incident.

Help is available from many sources. The University provides free counseling through the Norris Health Center to students who have been sexually assaulted or harassed. For support and reporting, contact:

• Office of Equity/ Diversity Services, 414/229-5923
• Office of Student Life, 414/229-4632
• Student Health Center, 414/229-4716
• Student Association, 414/229-4366
• Milwaukee Sexual Assault Counseling Unit, 414/278-4617
• Residence Halls authorities, 414/229-6589
• Women’s Crisis Line, 414/937-5463
• UWM Women’s Resource Center, 414/229-2852
• UWM Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Center, 414/229-4116

It is important to preserve sexual assault evidence; therefore, it is recommended that victims seek medical assistance. Victims have the option of notifying law enforcement authorities, but will not be pressured to do so. Victims may be assisted by campus authorities in the notification of police.

If on-campus disciplinary action is taken, both the accuser and accused are entitled to have others present during a disciplinary proceeding. Both shall be informed of the outcome of that proceeding.

In some cases, a change of class schedule or of living arrangements may be requested. The University will handle these requests on an individual basis, but will make every attempt to accommodate victims’ requests. Requests for such assistance should be made to the Dean of Students.

Implementation of Policy
All students, faculty, staff and other employees are informed of the policy and procedures regarding sex offenses. All new freshmen receive verbal and written information at freshman orientation. Information for all students is provided in the Student Handbook and in the Timetable (Schedule). There are also numerous publications related to sex offenses. “Street Smarts” discusses sexual assault and harassment.

The UWM Police provide a brochure describing the emergency phone system and safety tips, and they publish a monthly newsletter with crime and safety information. A brochure and poster distributed by the Office of Diversity/Equity Services describe sexual harassment and how to avoid it and report it. The UWM Police Department offers courses on security and self-protection. Programs are presented regularly in the residence halls and the Union, and the Women’s Resource Center provides ongoing educational programs and opportunities for students to discuss individual concerns.

Sanctions
Sex offenses by a student may lead to disciplinary sanctions, up to and including suspension or expulsion, under s.UWS 17.06(1), Wisconsin Administrative Code. University employees are also subject to disciplinary sanctions for sex offenses occurring on university property or during work time, up to and including termination of employment. Disciplinary sanctions are initiated and imposed in accordance with applicable procedural requirements and work rules, as set forth in Wisconsin statutes, administrative rules, faculty and academic staff policies, and collective bargaining agreements. Referral for prosecution under criminal law is also possible and is a standard procedure in cases of sexual assault.

PREVENTION OF SEXUAL ASSAULT

Personal awareness and preventive measures are key elements in reducing the risk of sexual assault. Most sexual assaults are committed by acquaintances. The following guidelines may help you protect yourself.

• Avoid abuse of alcohol. It is often a factor in date rape and other sexual assaults.
• Express yourself clearly and expect that your wishes will be honored.
• Trust your instincts about possible danger. If someone or something makes you uneasy, get out or away.
• Be willing to ask for help to ensure your own well-being. Be committed to the safety of others.
• Make the effort to help friends and acquaintances get home safely.
• Know the person you are dating. Meet newpeople in public places. Date in groups.
• Be wary of anyone that acts jealous or possessive, displays anger or aggression, ignores your wishes, ignores your personal space boundaries, attempts to make you feel guilty or gets hostile when you say no.
• Don't open your door to strangers. Don't allow strangers inside your house or room.
• Be aware of your surroundings. Familiarize yourself with alternative routes. Whenever possible, walk with a group of people.
• If you are in immediate danger, yell "fire", not "help" or "rape".This has the potential for drawing a crowd and surprising the attacker.

HATE CRIMES

The Hate Crimes Statistics Act mandates that we report crimes that manifest evidence of prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity, or disability, including the crimes of murder; non-negligent manslaughter; forcible rape; aggravated assault; simple assault; intimidation; arson; and destruction, damage or vandalism of property. Any crime occurring must be reported as a hate crime if the investigation by UWM police reveals that it was motivated in whole or in part by the offender's bias.

The hate crime statistics do not reflect extra crime, but rather the motivation behind some of the crime which occurs. If, for instance, there are five assault cases and the police investigation determines that two of them were hate crimes, the total number is still five but the two hate crimes will be reported in a narrative section following the crime statistics portion of the Student Alert which appears in each Timetable. There were no hate crimes reported in the categories listed above in 2003.

CAMPUS SECURITY

The safety of students and other members of the University community is a top priority at UWM. The University Police Department provides 24-hour-a-day service 365 days a year. The department, located on the ground floor of the west tower of Sandburg Halls, consists of more than 30 uniformed and plainclothes sworn police officers and security guards and offers a full range of law enforcement services. These services are directed toward providing the safest and most secure environment possible for all members of the UWM campus community.

Thefts most often occur because people leave their possessions unattended just for a minute. Usually a minute is more than enough time for someone to steal your wallet or purse. Students are not usually the ones doing the stealing. It is often done by people that are not affiliated with UWM. Because the campus is open and public, there is no way to determine at a glance who is here on legitimate business and who is not.

Campus Crime Statistics

Additional crime statistics available on the UWM website Office of Student Life section called "Clery Act Statistics" at www.uwm.edu/Dept/OSL/CleryAct.

Beyond providing physical security, the University Police are dedicated to the service and protection of all faculty, staff, students and visitors to the UWM campus. The Department enforces all Wisconsin State Statutes and the Wisconsin Administrative Code. Also, the UWM Police Department offers innovative training and informational programs to the University community on such topics as self-defense and nonviolent crisis intervention. The department also publishes a free monthly newsletter, "Open File," which provides safety-relat-ed advice and reports of current criminal activity on and around campus.

Reporting of Crimes on Campus

Students and other members of the University community that witness or become aware of crimes committed on campus are urged to notify the University Police or the Dean of Students.

In the event crimes of murder, forcible or nonforcible sex offenses, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary or motor vehicle theft occur on campus, UWM will report the occurrences to the University community in a manner that is timely and will aid in the prevention of similar crimes. Campus reports will be issued whenever such crimes are reported to the University Police, the Dean of Students, or staff members in the Office of Student Life, Department of Residence Life, or the UWM Union.

Crime reports given to the University community will not disclose the identity of victims or witnesses that wish to remain anonymous.

Student Escort and Transportation Services

BOSS (Be On the Safe Side, phone 414/229-6503) is the free coed pedestrian escort and transit service on campus. BOSS boundaries are Hampton Ave. (north), Brady St. (south), 7th St. (west) and the lake (east). The service operates seven days a week during the fall and spring semesters, from 5:30 p.m. to midnight.

Limited service is available at other times of the year. Call 414/229-6503 or visit our booth in the Union Concourse next to the Direct Assistance Center.

Emergency Phones

UWM maintains an advanced system for the reporting of any problems to the campus police. The heart of the system is a dedicated 911 emergency telephone computer with enhanced location determination capabilities. There are several types of phones on the campus, all of which are connected to this system.

All intercampus (229 exchange) phones are connected to this system. One must dial 9911 (instead of just 911) from these phones to gain access to the emergency system. These phones are located in offices and corridors.

All public phones on campus are connected to the 911 system. No coin is required when dialing 911. Campus elevators are also equipped with emergency phones.

A network of 70 emergency phones covers the campus. These phones are mounted in yellow boxes on poles and are topped by a blue light which goes on after dark. The phones are located outside buildings, along walkways and in parking lots and structures at various locations where they will be most visible. To use these phones, open the door to the box, and hold the red button until the call is answered. This will activate the 911 system which will print out the phone's location at the campus police station. The caller and the police dispatcher can then converse with each other.

Equipment installed in 2004 is ADA compliant and includes Braille instructions.

Radio Communications

Civilian security personnel employed by the UWM Union and Library are equipped with two-way radios monitored at the campus police station. Persons approaching such security personnel may be connected directly with the campus police. Personal escort services such as BOSS are equipped with radios or cellular phones for reporting crimes or other emergencies.

Persons in need of assistance may approach any of the uniformed police or security personnel that patrol the campus on foot or by vehicle.

Building & Grounds Security

Security of UWM buildings varies considerably from building to building and day to day in order to accommodate the demands of the academic year. Such things as late office hours, special events, semester breaks, legal holidays, spring break, exam periods and mini-terms can cause building schedules to change frequently. The following buildings are secured by personnel employed by that building’s management and in accordance with their own schedule: DES website: www.uwm.edu/Dept/DES

Sandburg Residence Halls, Health Center, Klotsche Center, Greene Museum, UWM Library, UWM Union and Heat Plant, along with all off-cam-pus buildings. Many of these buildings have security/custodial personnel present 24 hours a day that may provide access. All other buildings are secured each night by UWM Police personnel in accordance with a schedule of closing times set by the building chair of each building and altered as necessary by the UWM police. Weekend openings and closings are handled by the UWM police.

Access to specific areas, rooms or facilities within each building is determined by the person in charge of that building. Where it is deemed appropriate, keys may be issued to faculty/staff/student personnel to allow them unlimited access. Persons not issued keys are to contact the University Police for access to buildings or areas within buildings unless buildings have their own personnel on duty to provide access. Authorization for access to such areas is confirmed for the University Police by the provision of work permits, access lists, memoranda or other communications from persons in charge of areas specifying those allowed to be present outside normal hours. It is University Police procedure not to provide access to any areas in the UWM Union or areas in Sandburg Halls which are under the jurisdiction of the Department of Residence Life or the UWM Union.

Malfunctions of security equipment are to be reported to the University Police who will notify those responsible for making repairs. Exterior building doors which cannot be secured result in immediate repair. Malfunctioning in the emergency telephone system is reported to Telecommunications by the University Police.

Augmentation or improvement of existing physical security arrangements for individual buildings or areas of buildings is the responsibility of the person in charge of the building or area. The University Police make security improvement suggestions and perform security surveys on request.

It is current policy for the University to schedule night classes in as many buildings as possible in order to disperse people throughout the campus during the evening hours and provide the maximum amount of foot traffic in as many places as possible.

The campus is toured periodically by the Campus Security Committee and student organizations interested in security. Additional security needs are identified and reported to the proper authority.

Tours include review of the placement and operation of lights and emergency phones. Members of the campus community are encouraged to report any concerns or suggestions they may have concerning campus security to the University Police or to Physical Plant Services.

Some guidelines for personal safety

• Avoid working or studying alone in a building at night.
• Keep doors locked, even if you are away for only a few minutes.
• Stay in well-lit areas, walk midway between curbs and buildings and stay away from alleys and bushes.
• Use the campus escort or transit system when traveling after dark.
• Never hitchhike or take rides from strangers.
• Do not leave purses, wallets or backpacks unattended.
• Don't carry extra credit cards or money.
• If your purse or wallet is snatched, don't fight back. Rather than risk personal injury, hand it over and then report the incident immediately to the UWM police.
• Walk with confidence. Indicate that you are aware of your surroundings and have a destination. Display control. Body language works.
• Be especially careful in situations involving the use of alcohol and/or drugs. Alcohol and drugs can seriously affect your ability to think clearly and act cautiously.

Police Services

University Police investigate all crimes occurring in their jurisdiction and have arrest powers. Criminal offense reports, incident reports and citations pursuant to Chapter 18 of the Wisconsin Administrative Code are used to document incidents reported to or observed by the police. Uniform traffic citations are issued to violators of traffic laws. Serious and/or persistent violators of Wisconsin Statutes are referred to the District Attorney's office for prosecution.

Under most circumstances, UWM does not monitor nor does it regulate the off-campus conduct of students.

The UWM Police Department patrol personnel have received training in first aid and CPR. These officers have the training and experience to provide the immediate life-sustaining medical assistance needed in the first critical minutes of any medical emergency.

Persons wishing to know the nature of the policies governing the UWM Police Department's response to reported crimes or emergencies are referred to the following UWM Police policies:

Policy and Procedures
#26 Domestic Abuse
#31 Emergency Medical Response
#312 Serious Incident Responses

Memoranda
#4 Referral of Child Abuse/Neglect Reports
#12 Special Response and Security Measures for the Chemistry Building
#14 Emergency 911 Telephone System
#30 Sexual Assault Treatment

All federal law enforcement agencies are empowered to investigate violations of federal law and take appropriate enforcement action. All state law enforcement agencies are empowered to investigate violations of state statutes, the state administrative code and selected federal laws and take appropriate enforcement action. The Milwaukee County Sheriff's Department and the Milwaukee Police Department possess concurrent authority to investigate violations of state statutes and selected federal laws on University property but neither is empowered to enforce county or municipal ordinances on state property.

Educational Programs

The UWM Police Department provides a variety of informational programs to members of the campus community. These include a monthly newsletter, prevention of property crime talks and a program for children at the UWM Child Care Center. Information booths are used during Campus Security Week and at other times to present students with important security information. Police officers make regular presentations to groups of new freshmen, offer workshops on an ongoing basis to student groups and present self-protection seminars which include demonstration of techniques.

UWM provides several publications devoted to personal safety topics. The Office of Student Life publishes "Street Smarts," a brochure discussing sexual assault and its prevention. University Police offer a brochure describing the emergency telephone system and giving safety tips and their monthly newsletter, "Open Line," contains safety information and reports of crime.

Alcohol and Illicit Drugs

The most widely abused drug on college campuses is alcohol. Alcohol is often a factor in sexual assault (including date rape), other assaults, group conflicts, accidents, injuries, vandalism, academic problems and damage to personal relationships.

About 1200 college students die each year in car crashes and other alcohol-related accidents; more than 600,000 college students are physically or sexually assaulted by another student that has been drinking.

UWM has a variety of on-campus prevention, education, screening and intervention programs as well as university sanctions designed to reduce alcohol and other drug abuse. We can also help put people in touch with the variety of community resources available to assist persons that are experiencing alcohol and other drug related problems.

We know that the most effective catalyst for change is the willingness of people that know and care for each other to talk to one another about these issues - to share values and expectations, to ask questions, to convey concern, to offer information and support. We ask you to work on this important communication with us; we will help in any way we can, and invite you to call us for assistance.

Standards of Conduct

The University of Wisconsin System and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee prohibit the unlawful possession, use or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol by students and employees on university property or as part of university activities.

The use or possession of alcoholic beverages is prohibited on university premises except as permitted by the chief administrative officer or under institutional regulations in accordance with s. UWS 18.06 (13)(a), Wis. Adm. Code. Without exception, alcohol consumption is governed by Wisconsin statutory age restrictions under s. UWS 18.06(13)(b), Wis. Adm. Code.

The unlawful use, possession or distribution of illicit drugs ("controlled substances" as defined in ch. 161, Wis. Stats.) is prohibited in accordance with s. UWS 18.10, Wis. Adm. Code.

Disciplinary Sanctions

Violation of these provisions by a student may lead to the imposition of a disciplinary sanction, up to and including suspension or expulsion, under s. UWS 17.06(1)(c), Wis. Adm. Code. University employees are also subject to disciplinary sanctions for violation of these provisions, up to and including termination from employment. Disciplinary sanctions are initiated and imposed in accordance with applicable procedural requirements and work rules as set forth in Wisconsin statutes, administrative rules and collective bargaining agreements. Referral for prosecution under criminal law is also possible. Further, violations of ss. UWS 18.06(13) and 18.10 Wis. Adm. Code may result in a fine of not more than $500.00 and/or imprisonment for not more than 90 days.

Employees that are convicted of any criminal drug statute violation occurring in the workplace must notify the dean, director or department chair within 5 days of the conviction, if the employees are employed by the university at the time of the conviction.

Chapters 17 and 18 of the Wisconsin Administrative Code are available online at the Office of Student Life website under UW System Policies.

Wisconsin Legal Sanctions

The Uniform Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 161 of the Wisconsin Statutes, regulates controlled substances and outlines specific penalties for the violation of the regulations. A first-time conviction for possession of a controlled substance can result in a sentence of up to one year in prison and a fine of up to $5,000 (Sec. 161.41, Stats). A person convicted of manufacturing a controlled substance, delivering a controlled substance, or possessing a controlled substance with an intent to manufacture or deliver, can be imprisoned for up to 30 years and fined up to $1,000,000 (Sec 161.41, Stats). Penalties vary according to the type of drug involved, the amount of drug confiscated, the number of previous convictions, and the presence of any aggravating factors. The distribution of a controlled substance to a minor can lead to the doubling of an authorized sentence term (Sec. 161.46(1) Stats).

Wisconsin has formidable legal sanctions that restrict the use of alcohol in various situations. It is illegal to procure for, sell, dispense or give away alcohol to anyone that has not reached the legal drinking age of 21 years (Sec. 125.07(1)(a)(1)

Stats). Every adult has a legal obligation to prevent the illegal consumption of alcohol on premises owned by the adult or under the adult's control (Sec. 125.07(1)(a)(3) Stats). A first-time violator of either of the above subsections can be fined up to $500. It is against the law for an underage person to procure or attempt to procure an alcoholic beverage, to falsely represent his or her age for the purpose of obtaining alcohol, to enter premises licensed to sell alcohol, or to consume or possess alcohol on licensed premises (Sec. 125.07(4) Stats). A first-time underage violator of Section 125.07(4) can be fined up to $500, ordered to participate in a supervised work program and have their driver's license suspended.

Federal Sanctions

The federal government has revised the penalties against drug possession and trafficking through its Federal Sentencing Guidelines that reduce the discretion that federal judges may use in sentencing offenders of federal drug statutes. Under these guidelines, courts can sentence a person for up to 6 years for unlawful possession of a controlled substance, including the distribution of a small amount (less than 250 grams) of marijuana. A sentence of life imprisonment can result from a conviction of possession of a controlled substance that results in death or bodily injury. Possession of more than 5 grams of cocaine can trigger an intent to distribute penalty of 10 to 16 years in prison, U.S.S.G.s.2D2.1(b)(a).

Violations of these laws, statutes and regulations may lead to disciplinary sanctions, up to and including suspension or expulsion from the UW System. Referral for prosecution under criminal law is also possible. Monetary fines and prison sentences may result.

Following are a chart detailing uses and effects of some of the more common drugs which are prohibited unless prescribed for the student by a physician and charts detailing federal penalties which may be imposed for trafficking in these drugs.

Summary of the Health Effects of Drug Use

We want to be sure that students understand the serious effects that can result from drug use and want to help in any possible way if a student is seeking assistance. Following is a short summary of different types of drugs and their effects. Additional information can be found in the charts which follow this section. We want you to know that the use of alcohol and other drugs is detrimental to your health and is not conducive to learning. Drugs impede the learning process and can cause disruption for other students. If you want to discuss a drug problem with someone at the University, contact UWM's Drug Abuse Prevention Educator at the Health Center, Phone 229-6668. We have also included a list of agencies and support groups that you can contact if you or a friend has a problem with drugs.

Alcohol is chemically classified as a mind-altering drug because it contains ethanol and has the chemical power to depress the action of the central nervous system. This depression affects motor coordination, speech and vision. In large amounts, it can affect respiration and heart rate. If the blood alcohol exceeds 0.4%, death can result. Driving with a blood alcohol level of more than 0.1% is considered drunk driving. Depending on individual metabolic rates, consumption of as little as two or three drinks can result in a blood alcohol level of 0.1%. Prolonged abuse of alcohol can result in malnutrition, cirrhosis and permanent damage to other organs of the body.

Cocaine and crack stimulate the central nervous system and are extremely addictive, both physically and psychologically. They cause increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite, paranoia and seizures. Disruption of the brain's control of heart and respiration due to cocaine use can result in death. Agitation and aggressive behavior result in damage to relationships and can place the user in situations which are potentially dangerous.

Other stimulants and amphetamines cause increased heart rates and elevated blood pressure which can result in a stroke or heart attack. Symptoms of use include dizziness, sleeplessness and anxiety. Use can lead to psychosis, hallucinations, paranoia and physical collapse.

Depressants and barbiturates can result in respiratory depression, coma and even death, especially in combination with alcohol. Withdrawal can result in restlessness, insomnia, convulsions and even death.

LSD, mescaline, peyote and PCP are classified as hallucinogens. Hallucinogens interrupt the brain messages that control the intellect and keep instincts in check. Use can produce convulsions and coma, heart failure and lung failure. Chronic users experience memory problems and speech difficulties for as much as a year after they discontinue use of these drugs. Because these drugs block the brain's pain sensors, severe injuries can occur while under the influence.

Narcotics such as heroin, codeine, morphine and opium are extremely addictive and can result in death since the possibility of an overdose is strong.

Marijuana and hashish can impair the short-term memory and comprehension of the user, alter the sense of time and reduce the ability of the user to perform tasks requiring concentration and coordination. Heart rate and appetite increase, motivation can be altered and cognition can be affected, making acquisition and retention of new information difficult.

Rohypnol

Rohypnol is a pill produced in Mexico and Europe. It is tasteless, odorless, dissolves quickly in any liquid, and takes effect in ten minutes. Rohypnol is a small white tablet that is single or cross-scored on one side and has its manufacturer's name, "Roche," and a circled numeral 1 or 2 on the other side. It contains flumitrazepam, which is 10 to 20 times more potent than Valium, and produces effects, including memory loss, that can last up to eight hours. The drug produces a relaxed feeling and loss of inhibition. In some cases victims have described a feeling of paralysis during which they cannot move, even during the course of a rape or assault through which the victim remains conscious.

To safeguard against it: don't accept drinks from someone you don't know well; verify the integrity of a drink by opening the can or bottle yourself; know that someone under the influence of Rohypnol may look and act intoxicated but will have no smell of alcohol; be sensitive to someone that may tell a confused story, claiming not to remember details but sensing that something has happened.

If you are aware of a situation in which Rohypnol may have been used, notify the Dean of Students, Campus Police, the Student Health Center, or other University officials.