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Module 4 Part 1: Roles and Responsibilities of an Institutional Review BoardThe federal Common Rule specifies an institutional structure for the protection of human subjects in research for all federally funded entities. Each organization must establish one or more IRBs to review and approve research involving human subjects.IRBs have one paramount responsibility: To protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects. IRBs take into account national and, when appropriate, international ethical standards of research on a protocol-by-protocol basis. At UW-Milwaukee, the IRB chair and most members are UW-Milwaukee faculty or staff. IRB has both scientist and nonscientist members. The IRB also has second community members, individuals not affiliated with the university. 
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