For a bibliography on Wisconsin Labor History, See the Wisconsin Labor History Society's
Web site special resource.
 
 

Contents
1.  Historiography and Theory
2.  General
3.  The New Factory System, Work, and Working-Class Life and Ideology in the Gilded Age
4.  Working-Class Protests, 1870s-189s
5.  The Knights of Labor, Socialists, and the American Federation of Labor, 1880s-1890s
6.  Ethnicity, Race, family, Work, Unions: 1890s-1930s
7  Socialists, the IWW, and Women Workers, 1900-1919
8.  The Transformation of Work in the Twentieth Century
9.  From the Lean Years to the Wagner Act, 1919-1935
10. The Rise of Mass Production Unionism and a New Deal for American Workers
11.  How Radical were the 1930s?
12. World War II and the Postwar Compromise
13. Women and Black Workers during and After World War II
14. Working-Class Life and Ideology in the 1950s
15. New Workers and Concerns since the 1960s
16. Collections
17. Books on Specific Unions and Workers
 
 
 

1. Historiography and Theory  (Top)

Abbott, Carl. “Thinking about Cities: The Central Tradition in U.S. Urban History,” Journal of
Urban History 22(6) (1996), 687-701.

Arneson, Eric A.  "Crusades against Crisis:  A View from the United States on the 'Rank-and-File'
Critique. . . .," International Review of Social History 35 (1990), 106-127.

Baron, Ava.  "Gender and Labor History: Learning from the Past, Looking to the Future," in
Baron, ed., Work Engendered: Toward a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1991.

Buhle, Mary Jo.  "Gender and Labor History," in J. Carroll Moody and Alice Kessler-Harris, eds.,
Perspectives on American Labor History.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1990.

Brodkin, Karen.  “Race and Gender in the Construction of Class,” Science & Society 60 (Winter
1996-1997), 471-477.

Brody, David. "The Old Labor History and the New:  In Search of an American Working Class,"
Labor History 20 (1979), 11-126.

Brody, David.  "Reconciling the Old Labor History and the New," Pacific Historical Review
(1993), 1-18.

Buhle, Mary Jo.  "Gender and Labor History," in J. Carroll Moody and Alice Kessler-Harris, eds.,
 Perspectives on American Labor History:  The Problems of Synthesis.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois
University Press, 1990.

Cohen, Lizabeth.  “Bringing Institutions Back In,” Labor History 35 (Winter 1994), 96-97.
Dawley, Alan. "A Preface to Synthesis," Labor History 29 (Summer 1988), 363-377.
 

Cumbler, John.  “The City and the Community: The Impact of Urban Forces on Working Class
behavior,” Journal of Urban History 3(4) (1977), 427-442.

Fink, Leon. "The New Labor History and the Powers of Historical pessimism: Consensus,
Hegemony, and the Case of the Knights of Labor," Journal of American History 75 (1988), 115-
136, and responses.

Fink, Leon.  "'Intellectuals' versus 'Workers': Requirements and the Creation of Labor History,"
American Historical Review 96 (1991).

Fink, Leon.  "Looking Backward: Reflections on Workers' Culture and Certain Conceptual
Dilemmas within Labor History," in J. Carroll Moody and Alice Kessler-Harris, eds., Perspectives
on American Labor History.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1990.

Goings, Kenneth W., and Raymond A. Mohl.  “The Shifting Historiography of African American
Urban history,” Journal of Urban History 21(4) (1995), 435-437.

Goings, Kenneth W., and Raymond A. Mohl. “Toward a New African American Urban History,”
Journal of Urban History 21(3) (1995), 283-295.

Gregory, James.  “Southernizing the American Working Class: Post-War Episodes of Regional
and Class Transformations,” Labor History 39 (May 1998), 135-154.

Hill, Herbert.  “The Problem of Race in American Labor History,” Reviews in American History
24 (June 1996), 189-208.

Kazin, Michael.  "Struggling with Class Struggle:  Marxism and the Search for a Synthesis of U.S.
Labor History," Labor History 35 (Fall, 1987), 497-514.

Kessler-Harris, Alice.  "A New Agenda for American Labor History: A Gendered Analysis and
Questions of Class," in J. Carroll Moody and Kessler-Harris, eds., Perspectives on American
Labor History:  The Problems of Synthesis.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1990.

Kimeldorf, Howard.  "Bringing the Unions Back in (Or Why We Need a New Old labor
History)," with responses by Michael Kazin, Alice Kessler-Harris, David Montgomery, Bruce
Nelson, and Daniel Nelson, Labor History 32 (1991), 91-129.

Krueger, Thomas A.  "American Labor Historiography, Old and New: A Review Essay," Journal
of Social History 4 (1971), 277-285.

McCartin, Joseph.  “Industrial Unionism as Liberator or Leash?  The Limits of ‘Rank and Filism
in American Labor Historiography,” Journal of Social History 31 (Spring 1998), 701-710.

McArthur, Judith.  "From Rosie the Riveter to the Feminine Mystique: An Historiographical
Survey of American Women and World War II," Bulletin of Bibliography 44 (1987), 10-18.

McClymer, John F.  “Social Space and the Development of Working-Class and/or Urban
Culture,” Journal of Urban History 14(3) (1988), 406-412.

Montgomery, David.  "Class, Capitalism, and Contentment,"  Labor History 30 (1989),    .

Montgomery, David.  "Labor History, Industrial Relations, and the Crisis of American Labor,"
Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43 (October 1989), 15-16.

Montgomery, David.  "To Study the People" The American Working Class," Labor History 21
(Fall 1980), 485-512.

Rodriguez, Joseph A.  “How Mexicans became Mexican Americans: Recent Studies of
Immigration, Labor, and Ethnic Identities,” Journal of Urban History 24(4) (1998), 542-551.

Roediger, David.  “What if Labor Were Not White and Male?  Recentering Working-Class
History and Reconstructing Debate on the Unions and Race,” International Labor and Working-
Class History 51 (1997), 72-95.

Scott, Joan W.  "On Language, Gender, and Working-Class History," with responses by Bryan D.
Palmer, Christine Stansell, and Ansell Rabinbach, International Labor and Working-Class History
31 (1987), 1-36.

Scranton, William.  "The Workplace, Technology, and Theory in American Labor History," with
responses by Patricia A. Cooper and Andrew Gordon,  International Labor and Working-Class
History 35 (1989), 3-34.

Stromquist, Shelton.  "Perspectives on Labor History:  The Wisconsin School and Beyond,"
International and Labor and Working-Class History 39 (1991),   .

Trotter, Joe William, Jr.  “African Americans in the City: The Industrial Era, 1900-1950,” Journal
of Urban history 21(4) (1995), 438-457.

Trotter, Joe William, Jr. “African-American Workers: New Directions in U.S. Labor
Historiography,” Labor History 35 (Fall 1994), 495-523.

Wiener, Jonathan M.  "Radical Historians and the Crisis in American History, 1959-1980,"
Journal of American History 76 (1989), and responses.

Wilentz, Sean.  "Against Exceptionalism:  Class Consciousness and the American Labor
Movement," with responses by Nick Salvatore and Michael Hanagan,  International Labor and
Working-Class History 26 (1984), 1-36.

Zieger, Robert H.  "The CIO: A Bibliographical Update and Archival Guide," Labor History 31
(Fall 1990), 413-440.

Zieger, Robert H.  "Toward the History of the CIO: A Bibliographical Report," Labor History 26
(Fall 1985), 487-516.
 

2. General (Top)

Babson, Steve.  The unfinished Struggle: Turning Points in American Labor, 1877-Present.
Boulder: Rowman and Littlefield, 1999.

Commons, John R.  A History of Labor in the United States, 4 vols.  New York: Macmillan,
1918-1935.

Dulles, Foster Rhea, and Melvyn Dubofsky.  Labor in America, 4th rev. ed.

Dubofsky, Melvyn.  The State and Labor in Modern America.  Chapel Hill: University of North
Carolina Press, 1994.

Foner, Philip S.  Organized Labor and the Black Worker, 1619-1973, 2nd ed.  New York:
International Publishers, 1982.

Galenson, Walter.  The American Labor Movement, 1955-1995.  Westport, CT: Greenwood
Press, 1996.

Gavett, Thomas W.  Development of the Labor Movement in Milwaukee.  Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1965.

Glickman, Lawrence B.  A Living Wage: American Workers and the Making of Consumer
Society.   Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997.

Gordon, David M., Richard Edwards, and Michael Reich. Segmented Work, Divided Workers:
The Historical Transformation of Labor in the United States.  Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press, 1982.

Green, James R.  The World of the Worker: Labor in Twentieth-Century America.  New York:
Hill and Wang, 1980.

Harris, William H.  The Harder We Run: Black Workers since the Civil War. New York: Oxford
University Press, 1982.

Jones, Jacqueline.  The Dispossessed: America's Underclasses from the Civil War to the Present.
New York: Basic Books, 1992.

Jones, Jacqueline.  Labor of Love, Labor of Sorrow:  Black Women, Work, and the Family from
Slavery to the Present.  New York: Basic Books, 1985.

Kessler-Harris, Alice.  Out to Work: A History of Wage-Earning Women in the United States.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.

Montgomery, David.  Workers' Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology,
and Labor Struggles.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Ozanne, Robert W.  The Labor Movement in Wisconsin: A History.  Madison: State Historical
Society of Wisconsin Press, 1984.

Perlman, Selig.  A Theory of the Labour Movement.  New York: Macmillan, 1928.

Strasser, Susan.  Never Done:  A History of American Housework.  New York: Pantheon, 1982.

Taft, Philip A.  The A.F. of L. in the Time of Gompers.  New York: Harper and Row, 1957.

Taft, Philip A.  The A.F. of L. from the Death of Gompers to the Merger.  New York: Harper and
Brothers, 1959.

Taft, Philip A.  Organized Labor in American History.  New York: Harper and Row, 1964.

Tomlins, Christopher.  The State and the Unions: Labor Relations, Law, and the Organized
Labor Movement in America, 1880-1960.  London: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Zieger, Robert H.  American Workers, American Unions, 1920-1985.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins,
1986.
 

3. The New factory System, Work, and Working-Class
     Leisure and Ideology in the Gilded Age (Top)

Baron, Ava.  "An 'Other' Side of Gender Antagonism at Work: Men, Boys, and
theRemasculinization of Printers' Work, 1830-1920," in Ava Baron, ed., Work Engendered: Toward
a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Baron, Ava, and Susan E. Klepp.  "'If I Didn't have My Sewing Machine . . .': Women and Sewing
Machine Technology," in Joan M. Jensen and Sue Davidson, eds., A Needle, a Bobbin, A Strike:
Women Needleworkers in America.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Bensman, David.  The Practice of Solidarity:  American Hat Finishers in the Nineteenth Century.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Bensman, David.  "Workers' Control in the Nineteenth-Century Hatting Industry," in Herbert G.
Gutman and Donald H. Bell, eds. The New England Working Class and the New Labor History.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Blewett, Mary H.  "Manhood and the Market: The Politics of Gender and Class among the
Textile Workers of Fall River Massachusetts, 1870-1880," in Ava Baron, ed., Work Engendered:
Toward a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Blewett, Mary H.  Men, Women, and Work: A Study of Class, Gender, and Protest in the
Nineteenth-Century New England Shoe Industry.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988.

Boris, Eileen.  "'A Man's Dwelling House is His Castle': Tenement House Cigar Making and the
Judicial Imperative," in Ava Baron, ed., Work Engendered: Toward a New History of American
Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Brundage, David.  "The Producing Classes and the Saloon:  Denver in the 1880s," Labor History
26 (1985), 29-52.

Clawson, Dan. Bureaucracy and the Labor Process: The Transformation of U.S. Industry, 1860-
1920.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1980.

Cochran, Thomas C., and William Miller.  The Age of Enterprise: A Social History of Industrial
America (rev. ed., New York: Harper and Row, 1961.

Cross, Gary, and Peter Shergold.  "'We Think We Are the Oppressed': Gender, White Collar
Work, and Grievances of Late Nineteenth Century Women," Labor History 28 (Winter 1987),
23-53.

Courvares, Francis G.  The Remaking of Pittsburgh:  Class and Culture in an Industrializing
City, 1877-1919.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1984.

Couvares, Francis G.  "The Triumph of Commerce: Class Culture and Mass Culture in
Pittsburgh," in Michael H. Frisch and Daniel J. Walkowitz, eds., Working-Class America: Essays
on Labor, Community, and American Society. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983.

Diner, Hasia R.  Erin's Daughters in America:  Irish Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth
Century.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.

Duis, Perry R.  The Saloon:  Public Drinking in Chicago and Boston, 1880-1920.  Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1983.

Englander, Ernest J.  "The Inside Contracting System of Production and Organization: A
Neglected Aspect of the History of the Firm," Labor History 28 (1987), 429-446.

Gardner, Deborah S.  "'A Paradise of Fashion': A. T. Stewart's Department Store, 1862-1875," in
Joan M. Jensen and Sue Davidson, eds., A Needle, a Bobbin, A Strike: Women Needleworkers in
America.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Greenberg, Brian.  "Worker and Community: Fraternal Orders in Albany, New York, 1845-
1885," in Charles Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of American
Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Greenberg, Brain.  Worker and Community: Responses to Industrialization in a Nineteenth-
Century American City, Albany, New York, 1850-1884.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1985.

Gutman, Herbert G.  "Class Composition and the Development of the American Working Class,
1840-1890," in Gutman, Power and Culture: Essays on the American Working Class.  New
York: Pantheon, 1987.

Gutman, Herbert G.  "The Negro and the United Mine Workers of America: The Career and
Letters of Richard L. Davis and Something of Their Meaning, 1890-1900," in Julius Jacobson, ed.
The Negro and the American Labor Movement.  Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1968.

Gutman, Herbert G.  "Protestantism and the American Labor Movement: The Christian Spirit in
the Gilded Age," in Gutman, Work, Culture, and Society in Industrializing America:  Essays in
American Working Class and Social History.  New York: Knopf,  1976.

Gutman, Herbert G.  "The Workers' Search for Power: Labor in the Gilded Age," in Gutman,
Power and Culture: Essays on the American Working Class.  New York: Pantheon, 1987.

Jameson, Elizabeth. "Imperfect Unions:  Class and Gender in Cripple Creek, 1894-1904," in
Milton Cantor and Bruce Laurie, eds., Class, Sex, and the Woman Worker.  Westport, CT:
Greenwood, 1977.

Janiewski, Dolores.  "Southern Honor, Southern Dishonor: managerial Ideology and the
Construction of Gender, Race, and Class Relations in Southern Industry," in Ava Baron, ed.,
Work Engendered: Toward a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press,
1991.

Kirkland, Edward C.  Industry Comes of Age: Business, Labor, and Public Policy, 1860-1897.
New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1961.

Lazerow, Jama.  "The Workingman's Hour: The 1886 Labor Uprising in Boston," Labor History
21 (1990), 200-220.

Levine, Susan. Labor's True Woman: Carpet Weavers, Industrialization, and Labor Reform in
the Gilded Age.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Licht, Walter.  "The Dialectics of Bureaucratization: The Case of Nineteenth-Century American
Railway Workers," in Charles Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of
American Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Licht, Walter.  Working for the Railroad: The Organization of Work in the Nineteenth Century.
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983.

Montgomery, David.  Beyond Equality:  Labor and the Radical Republicans.  New York: Knopf,
1967.

Montgomery, David.  The Fall of the House of Labor:  The Workplace, the State, and American
Labor Activism, 1865-1925.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Montgomery, David.   "Workers' Control of Machine Production in the Nineteenth Century," in
Montgomery, Workers' Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology, and
Labor Struggles.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Nelson, Daniel.  Managers and Workers:  Origins of the New Factory System in the United
States, 1880-1920.  Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1975.

Oestreicher, Richard J.  Solidarity and Fragmentation:  Working People and Class
Consciousness in Detroit, 1875-1900.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.

Rosenzweig, Roy.  Eight Hours for What We Will:  Workers and Leisure in an Industrial City,
1870-1920.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Rosenzweig, Roy.  "Reforming Working-Class Play: Workers, Parks, and Playgrounds in an
Industrial City, 1870-1920," in Charles Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor:
Dimensions of American Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Ross, Steven J.  Workers on the Edge:  Work, Leisure, and Politics in Industrializing Cincinnati,
1788-1890.

Schneider, Dorothee.  Trade Unions and Community: The German Working Class in New York
City, 1870-1900.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.

Schneirov, Richard.  "Political Cultures and the Role of the State in Labor's Republic: The View
from Chicago, 1848-1877," Labor History 32 (Summer 1991), 376-400.

Schneirov, Richard.  Labor and Urban Politics: Class Conflict and the Origins of Modern
Liberalism in Chicago, 1864-97> Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.

Scranton, Philip.  "Varieties of Paternalism: Industrial Structures and the Social Relations of
Production in American Textiles," American Quarterly 36 (1984), 235-257.

Stephenson, Charles.  "'There's Plenty Waitin' at the Gates': Mobility, Opportunity, and the
American Worker," in Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of
American Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Stromquist, Shelton.  "Enginermen and Shopmen: Technological Change and the Organization of
Labor in an Era of Railroad Expansion," Labor History 24 (Fall 1983), 485-499.

Turban, Carole.  Working Women of Collar City: Gender, Class, and Community in Troy, 1864-
86. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.

4.Working-Class Protests, 1870s-1890s (Top)

Amsden, Jon, and Stephen Brier.  "Coal Miners on Strike: The Transformation of Strike Demands
and the Formation of a National Union," The Journal of Interdisciplinary History 7 (1977), 583-
616.

Archer, Robin.  “Unions, Courts, and Parties: Judicial Repression and Labor Politics in Late
Nineteenth-Century America,” Politics & Society 26 (September 1998), 391-422.
Avrich, Paul.  The Haymarket Tragedy.  Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.

Berlin, Ira, and Herbert G. Gutman.  "Class Composition and the Development of the American
Working Class, 1840-1890," in Gutman, Power and Culture:  Essays on the American Working
Class.  New York: Pantheon, 1987.

Broehl, Wayne G., Jr.  The Molly Maguires.  New York: Vintage, 1964.

Bruce, Robert.  1877: Year of  Violence.  Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1959.

Brundage, David.  "Irish Land and American Workers: Class and Ethnicity in Denver, Colorado,"
in Dirk Hoerder, ed.  "Struggle a Hard Battle": Essays on Working-Class Immigrants.  DeKalb:
Northern Illinois University Press, 1986.

Cooper, Jerry M.  "The Army as Strikebreaker:  The Railroad Strikes of 1877 and 1894," Labor
History 18 (1977), 179-196.

David, Henry.  The History of the Haymarket Affair.  New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1936.

Friedman, Gerald. "Worker Militancy and Its Consequences: Political Responses to Labor Unrest
in the United States, 1877-1914," International Labor and Working Class History 40 (1991), 5-
17.

Foner, Philip S.  The Great Labor Uprising of 1877.  New York: Monad Press, 1977.

Foner, Eric.  "Class, Ethnicity, and Radicalism in the United States:  The Land League and Irish
America," Marxist Perspectives 1 (1978), 6-55.

Gordon, Michael A.  "Contending Visions," in Gordon, The Orange Riots: Irish Political
Violence in New York City, 1870 and 1871.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1993.

Gordon, Michael A.  "The Labor Boycott in New York City, 1880-1886," Labor History 16
(1975), 184-229.

Gutman, Herbert G.  "Trouble on the Railroads in 1873-1874: Prelude to the 1877 Crisis?" in
Gutman, Work, Culture and Society in Industrializing America:  Essays in American Working-
Class and Social History.  New York: Knopf, 1976.

Jentz, John.  "Class and Politics in an Emerging Industrial City: Chicago in the 1860s and 1870s,"
Journal of Urban History 17 (1991), 227-264.

Kraus, Paul.  "Labor Republicanism and 'Za Chlebom': Anglo-Americans and Slavic Solidarity in
Homestead," in Dirk Hoerder, ed., "Struggle A Hard Battle": Essays on Working-Class
Immigrants.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1986.

Kraus, Paul.  The Battle for Homestead, 1880-1892: Politics, Culture, and Steel.  Pittsburgh:
University of Pittsburgh Press, 1992.

Lazerow, Jama.  "The Workingmen's Hour:  The 1886 Labor Uprising in Boston," Labor History
21 (1980), 200-220.

Leonard, Henry B.  "Ethnic Cleavage and Industrial Conflict in Late-19th Century America:  The
Cleveland Rolling Mill Company Strikes of 1882 and 1885," Labor History 20 (1979), 524-548.

Letwin, Daniel.  “Interracial Unionism, Gender, and ‘Social Equality’ in the Alabama Coalfields,
1878-1908,” Journal of Southern History 61(3) (1995), 519-554.

Levine, Susan.  Labor's True Woman:  Carpet Weavers, Industrialization, and Labor Reform in
the Gilded Age.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

McLaurin, Melton.  Paternalism and Protest: Southern Cotton Mill Workers and Organized
Labor, 1875-1905.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1971.

Nadel, Stanley.  "Those Who Would Be Free: The Eight-Hour Day Strikes of 1872," Labor's
Heritage 2 (1990), 70-77.

Nelson, Bruce C.  "Revival and Upheaval: Religion, Irreligion, and Chicago's Working Class in
1886," Journal of Social History 25 (1991), 233-253.

Rezneck, Samuel.  "Unemployment, Unrest, and Relief in the United States during the Depression
of 1893-1897,"  Journal of Political Economy 61 (1953), 324-345.

Reed, Merl.  "The Augusta Textile Mills and the Strike of 1886," Labor History 14 (Spring
1973), 228-246.

Salvatore, Nick.  Eugene V. Debs: Citizen and Socialist.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press,
1982.

Saxton, Alexander.  The Indisputable Enemy:  Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in
California.  Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971.

Schneider, Dorothee.  "The New York Cigarmakers Strike of 1877," Labor History 26 (Summer
1985), 325-354.

Schneirov, Richard.  Labor and Urban Politics: Class Conflict and the Origins of Modern
Liberalism in Chicago, 1864-97.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.

Schneirov, Richard.  “Rethinking the Relation of Labor to the Politics of Urban Social Reform in
Late Nineteenth-Century America: The Case of Chicago,” International Labor and Working-
Class History 46 (1994), 93-108.

Schneirov, Richard.  “Political Cultures and the Role of the State in Labor’s Republic: The View
from Chicago,” Labor History 32(3) (1991), 376-400.

Schwantes, Carlos A.  Coxey's Army: An American Odyssey.  Lincoln: University of Nebraska
Press, 1985.

Scobey, David. "Boycotting the Politics Factory:  Labor Radicalism and the New York City
Election of 1884 [sic: 1886]," Radical History Review 28030 (1984), 280-326.

Stromquist, Shelton.  A Generation of Boomers: The Pattern of Railroad Labor Conflict in
Nineteenth Century America.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Walkowitz, Daniel.  Worker City, Company Town:  Iron and Cotton-Worker Protest in Troy and
Cohoes, New York, 1855-1884.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1978.
 

5. The Knights of Labor, Socialists, and the American
     Federation of Labor, 1880s-1890s (Top)

Buhle, Paul.  "The Knights of Labor in Rhode Island," Radical History Review 17 (1978), 39-78.

Brier, Stephen.  "Interracial Organizing in the West Virginia Coal Industry:  The Participation of
Black Mine Workers in the Knights of Labor and the United Mine Workers of America, 1880-
1894," in Gary Fink, ed., Essays in Southern Labor History.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
1977.

Brundage, David.  The Making of Western Labor Radicalism: Denver’s Organized Workers,
1878-1905.  Urbana:  University of Illinois Press, 1994.

Cassity, Michael J.  "Modernization and Social Crisis:  The Knights of Labor and a Midwest
Community, 1885-1886," Journal of American History 66 (1979), 41-61.

Cornel, C., and Kim Voss.  "Formal Organization and the Fate of Social Movements: Craft
Association and Class Alliance in the Knights of Labor," American Sociological Review 55
(1990), 255-269.

Dick, William M.  Labor and Socialism in America: The Gompers Era.  Port Washington, NY:
Kennikat Press, 1972.

Erlich, Mark. "Peter J. McGuire's Trade Unionism: Socialism of a Trades Union Kind," Labor
History 24 (1983), 165-197.

Fink, Leon.  Workingmen's Democracy:  The Knights of Labor and American Politics.  Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1983.

Fink, Leon.  "The Uses of Political Power:  Toward a Theory of the Labor Movement in the Era
of the Knights of Labor," in Michael H. Frisch and Daniel Walkowitz, eds.,  Working Class
America: Labor, Community, and American Society.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.

Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth, and Kenneth Fones-Wolf.  "Knights Versus Trade Unionists: The Case of
the Washington, D.C., Carpenters, 1881-1896," Labor History 22 (1981), 192-212.

Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth, and Kenneth Fones-Wolf.  “Rank-and-File Rebellions and AFL
Interference in the Affairs of National Unions: The Gompers Era,” Labor History 35 (Spring
1994), 237-259.

Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth, and Kenneth Fones-Wolf.  "The War at Mingo Junction: The Autonomous
Workman and the Decline of the Knights of Labor," Ohio History 92 (1983), 37-51.

Gabler, Edwin.  The American Telegrapher: A Social History, 1860-1900.  New Brunswick, NJ:
Rutgers University Press, 1988.

Gitelman, H. M.  "Adolph Strasser and the Origins of Pure and Simple Trade Unionism," Labor
History 6 (1965), 71-82, reprinted in Daniel J. Leab, ed., The Labor History Reader.  Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Greene, Julie.  Pure and Simple Politics: The American Federation of Labor and Political
Activism, 1881-1917.  Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Grob, Gerald N.  Workers and Utopia: A Study of Ideological Conflict in the American Labor
Movement, 1865-1900.  Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1961.

Grossman, Jonathan P.  William Sylvis, Pioneer of American Labor.  New York: Columbia
University Press, 1945.

Kaufman, Stuart Bruce.  Samuel Gompers and the Origins of the American Federation of Labor,
1848-1896.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1973.

Kessler, Sidney H.  "The Organization of Negroes in the Knights of Labor," in John H. Bracey,
Jr., August Meier, and Elliott Rudwick, eds., Black Workers and Organized Labor.  Belmont,
CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1971.

Kealey, Gregory S., and Bryan D. Palmer. Dreaming of What Might Be: The Knights of Labor in
Ontario, 1880-1900.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

Krause, Paul. "The Life and Times of 'Beeswax' Taylor: Origins and Paradoxes of the Gilded-Age
Labor Movement," Labor History 33 (Winter 1992), 32-54.

Laslett, John H.M.  "Samuel Gompers and the Rise of American Business Unionism," in Melvyn
Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.  Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 1987.

Levine, Susan.  "Labor's True Woman:  Domesticity and Equal Rights in the Knights of Labor,"
Journal of American History 70 (1983), 323-339.

McLaurin, Melton A.  The Knights of Labor in the South.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,
1978.

Mandel, Bernard.  "Samuel Gompers and the Negro Workers," in John H. Bracey, Jr., August
Meier, and Elliott Rudwick, eds., Black Workers and Organized Labor.  Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1971.

Montgomery, David.  "William Sylvis and the Search for Working-Class Citizenship," in Melvyn
Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.  Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 1987.

Oestreicher, Richard.  "Terrence V. Powderly, the Knights of Labor, and Artisanal
Republicanism," in Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Rachleff, Peter J.  Black Labor in the South: Richmond, Virginia, 1865-1900.  Philadelphia:
Temple University Press, 1984.

Schnierov, Richard.  "Free Thought and Socialism in the Czech Community in Chicago, 1875-
1887," in Dirk Hoerder, ed.  "Struggle a Hard Battle": Essays on Working-Class Immigrants.
DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1986.

Voss, Kim.  “Disposition is Not Action: The Rise and Demise of the Knights of Labor,” Studies in
American Political Development 6(2) (1992), 272-321.

Voss, Kim.  "Labor Organization and Class Alliance: Industries, Communities, and the Knights of
Labor," Theory and Society 17 (1988), 329-364.

Voss, Kim. The Making of American Exceptionalism: The Knights of Labor and Class
Formation in the Nineteenth Century.   Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1993.
 

6. Ethnicity, Race, Family, Work, Unions, 1890s-1930s (Top)

Ansell, Christopher K., and Arthur L. Burris.  “Bosses of the City Unite! Labor Politics and
Political Machine Consolidation, 1870-1910,” Studies in American Political Development 11
Spring 1997), 1-43.

Arneson, Eric.  Waterfront Workers of New Orleans: Race, Class, and Politics, 1863-1923.

Asher, Nina.  "Dorothy Jacobs Bellanca: Women's Clothing Workers and the Runaway Shops," in
Joan M. Jensen and Sue Davidson, eds., A Needle, a Bobbin, A Strike: Women Needleworkers in
America.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Asher, Robert.  "Industrial Safety and Labor Relations in the United States, 1865-1917," in
Charles Stephenson and Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of American Working-Class
History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Barrett, James R.  Work and Community in the Jungle: Chicago's Packinghouse Workers, 1894-
1922.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Barrett, James R.  "Unity and Fragmentation: Class, Race, and Ethnicity on Chicago's South
Side," in Dirk Hoerder, ed.  "Struggle a Hard Battle": Essays on Working-Class Immigrants.
DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1986.

Beik, Mildred Allen.   The Miners of Windber: The Struggles of New Immigrants for
Unionization, 1890's-1930's.  Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999.

Blewett, Mary H.  Men, Women, and Work: Class, Gender, and Protest in the New England Shoe
Industry, 1780-1910.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988.

Bodnar, John.  Immigration and Industrialization: Ethnicity in an American Mill Town, 1870-
1940. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1977.

Bodnar, John, Roger Simon, and Michael P. Weber.  Lives of Their Own: Blacks, Italians, and
Poles in Pittsburgh, 1900-1960.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.

Brody, David.  Steelworkers in America: The Non-Union Era. New York: Harper and Row,
1960.

Brown, Cliff.  “Racial Conflict and Split Labor Markets: The AFL Campaign to Organize
Steelworkers, 1918-1919,” Social Science History 22 (Fall 1998), 319-347.
Buhle, Mari Jo.  Women and American Socialism, 1870-1920.  Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 1983.

Bukowczyk, John J.  “Polish Rural Culture and immigrant Working Class Formation, 1880-
1914,” Polish American Studies 41(2) (1984), 23-44.

Bukowczyk, John J.  "The Transformation of Working Class Ethnicity: Corporate Control,
Americanization, and the Polish Immigrant Middle Class in Bayonne, New Jersey, 1915-1925,"
Labor History 25 (Winter 1984), 53-82.

Bukowczyk, John. J.   "The Transforming Power of the Machine: Popular Religion, Ideology and
Secularization among Polish Immigrant Workers in the United States, 1880-1940," International
Labor and Working Class History 34 (1988), 22-38.

Cardoso, Lawrence A.  "Labor Emigration to the Southwest, 1916 to 1920: Mexican attitudes
and Policy," Southwestern Historical Quarterly 79 (1976), 400-416.

Corbin, David A.  Life, Work, and Rebellion in the Coal Fields: The Southwestern West Virginia
Miners, 1880-1922.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981.

Couvares, Francis G.  "The Triumph of Commerce: Class Culture and Mass Culture in
Pittsburgh," in Michael H. Frisch and Daniel J. Walkowitz, eds., Working-Class America: Labor,
Community, and American Society.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.

Cumbler, John T.  Working-Class Community in Industrial America: Work, Leisure, and
Struggle in Two Industrial Cities, 1880-1930.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1979.

Darden, Joe.  "The Effect of World War I on Black Occupational and Residential Segregation:
The Case of Pittsburgh," Journal of Black Studies 18 (March 1988), 297-312.

Emmons, David M.  The Butte Irish: Class and Ethnicity in an American Mining Town, 1875-
1925.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989.

Ewen, Elizabeth.  Immigrant Women in the Land of Dollars: Life and Culture on the Lower East
Side, 1890-1925.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1985.

Freeman, Stephen. “Organizing the Workers in a Steel Company Town: The Union Movement in
Joliet, 1870-1920,” Illinois Historical Journal 79(1) (1986), 2-18.

Frieburger, William.  "War Prosperity and Hunger: The New York Food Riots of 1917," Labor
History 25 (1984), 217-239.

Glenn, Susan A.  Daughters of the Shetl: Life and Labor in the Immigrant Generation.  Ithaca:
Cornell University Press, 1990.

Glickman, Lawrence.  “Inventing the ‘American Standard of Living’: Gender, Race, and
Working-Class Identity, 1880-1925,” Labor History 34 (Spring/Summer 1993), 221-235.

Green, Nancy L. “Women and Immigrants in the Sweatshop: Categories of Labor Segmentation
Revisited,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 38 (July 1996), 411-433.

Greene, Victor.  The Slavic Community on Strike: Immigrant Labor in Pennsylvania Anthracite.
South Bend, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1968.

Haiken, Elizabeth.  "'The Lord Helps Those Who Help Themselves': Black Laundresses in Little
Rock, Arkansas, 1917-1921," Arkansas Historical Quarterly 49 (Spring 1990), 20-50.

Hall, Jacqueline Dowd, et al.  Like a Family: The Making of A Southern Cotton Mill World.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987.

Hareven, Tamara.  Family Time and Industrial Time.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1982.

Harvey, Katherine A.  The Best-Dressed Miners: Life and Labor in the Maryland Coal Region,
1835-1910.  Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1969.

Hewitt, Nancy A. "'The Voice of Virile Labor': Labor Militancy, Community Solidarity, and
Gender Identity among Tampa's Latin Workers, 180-1921," in Ava Baron, ed., Work
Engendered: Toward a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Janiewski, Delores E.  Sisterhood Denied: Race, Gender, and Class in a New South Community.
Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1985.

Kimball, Gregg D.  “The Working People of Richmond: Life and Labor in an Industrial City,
1865-1920,” Labor’s Heritage 3(2) (1991), 42-65.

Korman, Gerd.  Industrialization, Immigrants, and Americanizers: The View from Milwaukee,
1866-1921.  Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin Press, 1967.

Keil, Hartmut, and John B. Jentz, eds.  German Workers in Industrial Chicago, 1850-1910.
DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1983.

Keyssar, Alexander.  "Unemployment and the Labor Movement in Massachusetts, 1870-1916," in
Herbert G. Gutman and Daniel H. Bell, eds., The New England Working Class and the New
Labor History.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Kleinberg, S. J. Shadow of the Mills: Working-Class Families in Pittsburgh, 1870-1907.
Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998.

Kwolek-Foland, Angel. "Gender, Self, and Work in the Life Insurance Industry, 1880-1930," in
Ava Baron, ed., Work Engendered: Toward a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell
University Press, 1991.

Leidenberger, Georg.  “The Public is the Labor Union: Working-Class Progressivism in Turn-of-
the-Century Chicago,” Labor History 36 (Spring 1995), 187-210.

Letwin, Daniel. “Interracial Unionism, Gender, and ‘Social Equality’ in the Alabama Coalfields,
1878-1908,” Journal of Southern History 61 (August 1995), 519-554.

Letwin, Daniel.  The Challenge of Interracial Unionism: Alabama Coal Miners, 1878-1921.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.

Licht, Walter.  Getting to Work: Philadelphia, 1840-1950.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard University
Press, 1994.

Littmann, William.  “Designing Obedience: The Architecture and Landscape of Welfare
Capitalism, 1880-1930,” International Labor and Working-Class History 53 (Spring 1998), 88-
114.

Kleinberg, S.J.  In The Shadow of the Mills: Working-Class Families in Pittsburgh, 1870-1907.
Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989.

Maclachlan, Gretchen E.  “Atlanta’s Industrial Women, 1879-1920,” Atlanta’s History 36(4)
(1993), 16-23.

McCartin, Joseph A.  Labor’s Great War: The Struggle for Industrial Democracy and the
Origins of Modern American Labor Relations.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press,
1997.

Marcus, Irwin.  “The Johnstown Steel Strike of 1919: The Struggle for Unionism and Civil
Liberties,” Pennsylvania History 63 (Winter 1996), 96-118.

May, Martha.  "Bread and Roses: American Workingmen, Labor Unions and the Family Wage,"
in Ruth Milkman, ed., Women, Work, and Protest: A Century of US Women's Labor History.
London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985/

Morawska, Ewa.  For Bread and Butter: The Life-Worlds of East Central Europeans in
Johnstown, Pennsylvania, 1890-1940.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Mormino, Gary R., and George E. Pozzetta.  The Immigrant World of Ybor City: Italians and
Their Latin Neighbors in Tampa, 1885-1985.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, `987.

Oberdeck, Kathyrn J.  "'Not Pink Teas': The Seattle Working Class Women's Movement, 1905-
1918," Labor History 32 (Spring 1991), 193-230.

Oestreicher, Richard Jules.  Solidarity and Fragmentation: Working People and Class
Consciousness in Detroit, 1875-1900.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.

Paladino, Grace.  "Forging a National Union: Electrical Workers Confront issues of Craft, Race,
and Gender, 1890-1902," Labor's Heritage 3 (1991), 4-19.

Peiss, Kathy.  Cheap Amusements: Working Women and Leisure in Turn-of-the-Century New
York.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986.

Peiss, Kathy.  "Dance Madness: New York City Dance Halls and Working-Class Sexuality, 1900-
1920," in Charles Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of American
Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Peiss, Kathy.  "Gender Relations and Working-Class Leisure: New York City, 1880-1920," in
Carol Groneman and Mary Beth Norton, eds., "To Toil the Livelong Day": America's Women at
Work, 1780-1980.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987.

Rosenberg, Daniel.  New Orleans Dock Workers: Race, Labor, and Unionism, 1892-1923.
Albany: SUNY Press, 1988.

Sanders, Ronald.  The Downtown Jews: Portraits of an Immigrant Generation. New York: New
American Library, 1969.

Scheiber, Jane Lang, and Harry N. Schreiber.  "The Wilson Administration and the Wartime
Mobilization of Black Americans, 1917-1918," Labor History 19 (1969), 433-458.

Slater, Joseph.  “Public Workers: Labor and the Boston Police Strike of 1919,” Labor History 38
(1996-1997), 7-27.

Smith, Judith E.  "The Transformation of Family and Community Culture in Immigrant
Neighborhoods, 1900-1940," in Herbert G. Gutman and Daniel H. Bell, eds., The New England
Working Class and the New Labor History.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Takaki, Ronald.  Pau Hana: Plantation Life and Labor in Hawaii, 1835-1920.  Honolulu:
University of Hawaii Press, 1983.

Tentler, Leslie Woodcock.  Wage-Earning Women: Industrial Work and Family Life in the
United States, 1900-1930.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.

Tuttle, William M., Jr.  "Labor Conflict and Racial Violence: The Black Worker in Chicago,
1894-1919," in John H. Bracey, Jr., August Meier, and Elliott Rudwick, eds., Black Workers and
Organized Labor.  Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1971.

Tuttle, William M., Jr.  Race Riot: Chicago in the Red Summer of 1919.  New York: Atheneum,
1970.

Vecchio, Diane.  "Italian Women in Industry: The Shoeworkers of Endicott, New York, 1914-
1935," Journal of Ethnic History 8 (1989), 60-86.

Vecoli, Rudolph J.  "Contadini in Chicago: A Critique of The Uprooted," Journal of American
History 51 (1964), 404-417.

Weinberg, Sydney Stahl.  The World of Our Mothers: The Lives of Jewish Immigrant Women.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988.

Worthman, Paul B.  "Black Workers and Labor Unions in Birmingham, Alabama, 1897-1904,"
Labor History 10 (Summer 1969), 375-406, reprinted in Daniel J. Leab, ed., The Labor History
Reader.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Worthman, Paul B.  "Working-Class Mobility in Birmingham, Alabama, 1880-1914," in Tamara
Hareven, ed., The Anonymous Americans: Explorations in Nineteenth Century Social History.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1974.

Yans-McLaughlin, Virginia.  Family and Community:  Italian Immigrants in Buffalo, 1880-1930.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1977.

Yans-McLaughlin, Virginia.  "Patterns of Work and Family Organization: Buffalo's Italians,"
Journal of Interdisciplinary History 2 (1971), 299-314.
 

7. Socialists, the IWW, and Women Workers: 1900-1919 (Top)

Brody, David.  "The American Worker in the Progressive Age: A Comprehensive Analysis," in
Brody, Workers in Industrial America: Essays on the 20th Century Struggle, 2nd ed.  New York:
Oxford University Press, 1993.

Buhle, Paul. "Italian-American Radicals and Labor in Rhode Island," in Herbert G. Gutman and
Daniel H. Bell, eds., The New England Working Class and the New Labor History.  Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Cameron, Ardis, "Bread and Roses Revisited" Women's Culture and Working-Class Acitvism in
the Lawrence Strike of 1912," in Ruth Milkman, ed., Women, Work, and Protest: A Century of
U.S. Women's Labor History.  Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Conlin, Joseph R.  Big Bill Haywood and the Radical Labor Movement.  Syracuse: Syracuse
University Press, 1969.

Conlin, Joseph R.  "William D. 'Big Bill' Haywood: The Westerner as Labor Radical," in Melvyn
Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.  Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 1987.

Derickson, Alan.  Workers' Health, Workers' Democracy: The Western Miners' Struggle, 1891-
1925.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1988.

Deutsch, Sarah.  No Separate Refuge: Culture, Class, and Gender on an Anglo-American
Frontier in the American Southwest, 1880-1940.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

Dubofsky, Melvyn.  When Workers Organize: New York City in the Progressive Era.  Amherst:
University of Massachusetts Press, 1968.

Dubofsky, Melvyn.  We Shall Be All: A History of the Industrial Workers of the World.  Chicago:
Quandrangle, 1969.

Dye, Nancy Schrom.  As Equals and as Sisters: Feminism, Unionism, and the Women's Trade
Union League of New York.  Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1980.

Ebner, Michael H.  "The Passaic Strike of 1912 and the Two I.W.W.'s," Labor History 11 (fall
1970), 452-466, reprinted in Daniel J. Leab, ed., The Labor History Reader.  Urbana: University
of Illinois Press, 1985.

Goldberg, David J.  A Tale of Three Cities: Labor Organization and Protest in Paterson,
Passaic, and Lawrence, 1916-1921.  New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1989.

Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley. The Rebel Girl: An Autobiography.  My First Life (1906-1926).  New
York International Publishers, 1955.

Green James R.  Grass-Roots Socialism: Radical Movements in the Southwest, 1895-1943.
Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1978.

Green, Julia.  "'The Strike at the Ballot Box': The American Federation of Labor's Entrance into
Election Politics, 1906-1909," Labor History 32 (Spring 1991), 165-192.

Greenwald, Maureen W.  Women, War, and Work: The Impact of World War I on Women
Workers in the U.S.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1980.

Haywood, William D.  The Autobiography of Big Bill Haywood.  New York: International
Publishers, 1929.

Hyman, Colette A.  "Labor Organizing and Female Institution-Building: The Chicago's Women's
Trade Union League, 1904-24," in Ruth Milkman, ed. Women, Work, and Protest: A Century of
US Women's Labor History.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Jensen, Joan M.  "The Great Uprising in Rochester" [women needle workers], in Joan M. Jensen
and Sue Davidson, eds., A Needle, A Bobbin, A Strike: Women Needleworkers in America.
Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Karson, Marc.  American Labor Unions and Politics, 1900-1918.  Carbondale: Southern Illinois
University Press, 1958.

Kazin, Michael.  Barons of Labor: The San Francisco Building Trades and Union Power in the
Progressive Era.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.

Keil, Hartmut.  "German Working-Class Radicalism in the United States from the 1870s to World
War I," in Dirk Hoerder, ed., "Struggle a Hard Battle": Essays on Working-Class Immigrants.
DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1986.

Kessler-Harris, Alice.  "Organizing the Unorganizable: Three Jewish Women and Their Union,"
Labor History 17 (Winter 1976), 5-23, reprinted in Daniel J. Leab, ed., The Labor History
Reader.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Kessler-Harris, Alice.  "Rose Schneiderman and the Limits of Women's Trade Unionism," in
Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.  Urbana: University of
Illinois Press, 1987.

Kirkby, Diane.  "'The Wage Earning Woman and the State': The National Women's Trade Union
League and Protective Labor Legislation," Labor History 28 (Winter 1987), 54-74.

Laslett, John H. M.  Labor and the Left: A Study of Socialist and Radical Influences in the
American Labor Movement, 1881-1924.  New York: Basic Books, 1970.

Long, Priscilla.  "The Women of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Strike, 1913-14," in Ruth Milkman,
ed. Women, Work, and Protest: A Century of US Women's Labor History.  London: Routledge
and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Montgomery, David.  The Fall of the House of Labor: The Workplace, the State, and American
Labor Activism, 1865-1925.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

Montgomery, David.  "Nationalism, American Patriotism, and Class Consciousness among
Immigrant Workers in the United States in the Epoch of World War I," in Dirk Hoerder, ed.,
"Struggle a Hard Battle": Essays on Working-Class Immigrants.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois
University Press, 1986.

Nash, Michael.  Conflict and Accommodation: Coal Miners, Steel Workers, and Socialism, 1890-
1920.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1982.

Rajala, Richard A. “A Dandy Bunch of Wobblies: pacific Northwest Loggers and the Industrial
Workers of the World, 1900-1930,” Labor History 37 (Spring 1996), 205-234.

Ramirez, Bruno.  When Workers Fight: The Politics of Industrial Relations in the Progressive
Era, 1898-1916.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978.

Scharf, Lois.  "The Great Uprising in Cleveland: When Sisterhood Failed" [needleworkers], in
Joan M. Jensen and Sue Davidson, eds., A Needle, A Bobbin, A Strike: Women Needleworkers in
America.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Schofield, Ann.  "The Uprising of the 20,000: The Making of a Labor Legend" [women
needleworkers], in Joan M. Jensen and Sue Davidson, eds., A Needle, A Bobbin, A Strike:
Women Needleworkers in America.  Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984.

Seller, Maxine Schwartz.  "The Uprising of the Twenty Thousand: Sex, Class, and Ethnicity in the
Shirtwaist Makers' Strike of 1909," in Dirk Hoerder, ed., "Struggle a Hard Battle": Essays on
Working-Class Immigrants.  DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1986.

Slater, Joseph. “Public Workers: Labor and the Boston Police Strike of 1919,” Labor History 38
(Winter 1996-1997), 7-27.

Spero, Sterling D., and Abram L. Harris, "The Negro and the IWW," in John H. Bracey, Jr.,
August Meier, and Elliott Rudwick, eds., Black Workers and Organized Labor.  Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1971.
 

Sullivan, Joseph W.  “‘Every Shout a Cannon Ball’: The IWW and Urban Disorders in
Providence, 1912-1914,” Rhode Island History 54 (May 1996), 51-64.
Tax, Meredith.  The Rising of the Women: Feminist Solidarity and Class Conflict, 1880-1917.
New York: Monthly Review Press, 1980.

Topp, Michael Miller. “The Transnationalism of the Italian-American Left: The Lawrence Strike
and the Italian Chamber of Labor of New York City,” Journal of American Ethnic History 17
(Fall 1997), 39-63.

Tripp, Anne Huber.  The I.W.W. and the Patterson Silk Strike of 1913.  Urbana: University of
Illinois Press, 1987.

Waldinger, Roger.  "Another Look at the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union: Women,
Industry Structure and Collective Action," in Ruth Milkman, ed. Women, Work, and Protest: A
Century of US Women's Labor History.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Weinstein, James.  The Decline of Socialism in America, 1912-1925.  New York: Monthly
Review Press, 1967.
 

8. The Transformation of Work in the 20th Century (Top)

Aitken, Hugh.  Taylorism at the Watertown Arsenal: Scientific Management in Action, 1908-
1915.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960.

Benson, Susan Porter.  "'The Customers Ain't God': The Work Culture of Department-Store
Saleswomen, 1890-1940," in Michael H. Frisch and Daniel Walkowitz, eds.,  Working Class
America: Labor, Community, and American Society.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.

Braverman, Harry.  Labor and Monopoly Capital:  The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth
Century.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1975.

Bucki, Cecelia F.  "Dilution and the Craft Tradition: Bridgeport, Connecticut, Munitions
Workers, 1915-1919," in Herbert G. Gutman and Donald H. Bell, eds. The New England
Working Class and the New Social History.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Burawoy, Michael.  Manufacturing Consent: Changes in the Labor Process under Monopoly
Capitalism.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.

Clawson, Dan.  Bureaucracy and the Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1980.

Cooper, Patricia.  "The Faces of Gender: Sex Segregation and Work Relations at Philco, 1928-
1938," in Ava Baron, ed., Work Engendered: Toward a New History of American Labor.  Ithaca:
Cornell University Press, 1991.

Cooper, Patricia.  Once a Cigarmaker: Men, Women, and Work Culture in American Cigar
Factories, 1900-1919.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Cooper, Patricia.  "Women Workers, Work Culture, and Collective Action in the American Cigar
Industry, 1900-1919," in Charles Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor:
Dimensions of American Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Dix, Keith.  "Work Relations in the Coal Industry: The Handloading Era, 1880-1930," in Andrew
Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies in the Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Gabin, Nancy.  "Time Out of Mind: The UAW's Response to Female Labor Laws and Mandatory
Overtime in the 1960s," in Ava Baron, ed., Work Engendered: Toward a New History of
American Labor.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991.

Gartman, David. "Origins of the Assembly Line and Capitalist Control of Work at Ford," in
Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press,
1979.

Glenn, Evelyn Nakano, and Roslyn L. Feldberg, "Proletarianizing Clerical Work: Technology and
Organizational Control in the Office," in Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor
Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Hooker, Clarence.  “Ford’s Sociology Department and the Americanization Campaign and the
Manufacture of Popular Culture among Assembly Line Workers, ca. 1910-1917,” Journal of
American Culture 21 (Fall 1997), 297-320.

Lamphere, Louise.  "Bringing the Family to Work: Women's Culture on the Shop Floor,"
Feminist Studies 11 (Fall 1985), 519-540.

Lamphere, Louise.  "Fighting the Piece-Rate System: New Dimensions of an Old Struggle in the
Apparel Industry," in Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process.  New York:
Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Lichtenstein, Nelson.  "Life at the Rouge: A Cycle of Workers' Control," in Charles Stephenson
and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of American Working-Class History.
Albany: SUNY Pres, 1986.

Lichtenstein, Nelson.  "Conflict over Workers' Control: The Automobile Industry in World War
II," in Michael H. Frisch and Daniel Walkowitz, eds.,  Working Class America: Labor,
Community, and American Society.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982.

Meyer, Stephen.  The Five-Dollar Day: Labor, Management, and Social Control in the Ford
Motor Company, 1908-1921.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1981.

Meyer, Stephen.  "Technology and the Workplace: Skilled and Production Workers at Allis-
Chalmers, 1900-41," Technology and Culture 29 (October 1988), 839-864.

Mills, Herb.  "The San Francisco Waterfront: The Social Consequences of Industrial
Modernization," in Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process.  New York:
Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Montgomery, David.  "American Workers and the New Deal Formula,"
in Montgomery, Workers' Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology, and
Labor Struggles.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Montgomery, David.  "Immigrant Workers and Managerial Reform," in Montgomery, Workers'
Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology, and Labor Struggles.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Montgomery, David.  "The 'New Unionism' and the Transformation of Workers' Consciousness in
America, 1909-22," in Montgomery, Workers' Control in America: Studies in the History of
Work, Technology, and Labor Struggles.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Montgomery, David.  "Whose Standards? Workers and the Reorganization of Production in the
United States, 1900-20," in Montgomery, Workers' Control in America: Studies in the History of
Work, Technology, and Labor Struggles.  Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1979.

Noble, David F.  "Social Choice in Machine Production: The Case of Automated Controlled
Machine Tools," in Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process.  New York:
Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Reckman, Bob. "Carpentry: The Craft and Trade," in Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the
Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Shaiken, Harley. Work Transformed: Automation and Labor in the Computer Age.  New York:
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1984.

Shapiro-Perl, Nina.  "The Piece Rate: Class Struggle on the Shop Floor.  Evidence from the
Costume Jewelry Industry in Providence, Rhode Island," in Andrew Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies
on the Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Yarrow, Michael.  "The Labor Process in Coal Mining: Struggle for Control," in Andrew
Zimbalist, ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.

Zimbalist, Andrew.  "Technology and the Labor Process in the Printing Industry," in Zimbalist,
ed., Case Studies on the Labor Process.  New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.
 

9. From the Lean Years to the Wagner Act: 1919-1935 (Top

Bernstein, Irving.  The Lean Years: A History of the American Worker, 1920-1933.  Baltimore:
Penguin Books, 1966.

Bodnar, John.  Workers' World: Kinship, Community, and Protest in an Industrial Society, 1900-
1940.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

Boyle, Kevin.  Muddy Boots and Ragged Aprons: Images of Working-Class detroit, 1900-1930.
Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1997.

Brody, David.  Labor in Crisis: The Steel Strike of 1919.  Philadelphia: J. Lippincott, 1965.

Brody, David.  "The Rise and Decline of Welfare Capitalism," in Brody, Workers in Industrial
America: Essays on the 20th Century Struggle, 2nd ed.  New York: Oxford University Press,
1993.

Davis, Colin J.  "Bitter Conflict: The 1922 Railroad Shopmen's Strike," Labor History 33 (Fall
1992), 433-455.

Draper, Alan.  “The New Souther Labor History Revisited: The Success of the Mine, Mill, and
Smelter Workers Union in Birmingham, 1934-1938,” Journal of Southern History 62 (February
1996), 87-108.

Edsforth, Ronald W.  Class Conflict and Cultural Consensus: The Making of a Mass Consumer
Society in Flint, Michigan.  New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1987.

Fine, Sidney.  The Automobile Under the Blue Eagle: Labor, Management, and the Automobile
Manufacturing Code.  Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1963.

Fraser, Steve.  "From the 'New Unionism' to the New Deal," Labor History 25 (Summer 1984),
405-430.

Fraser, Steve.  Labor Will Rule: Sidney Hillman and the Rise of American Labor.  New York:
Maxwell Macmillan, 1991.

Gonzalez, Rosalinda M.  "Chicanas and Mexican Immigrant Families 1920-1940: Women's
Subordination and Family Exploitation," in Lois Scharf and John M. Jensen, eds., Decades of
Discontent: The Women's Movement.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1983.

Hareven, Tamara.  Amoskeag: Life and Work in an American Factory City.  New York:
Pantheon, 1978.

Harris, William H.  Keeping the Faith: A Phillip Randolph, Milton P. Webster, and the
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, 1925-37.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1977.

Holter, Darryl.  "Sources of CIO Success: The New Deal Years in Milwaukee," Labor History 29
(1988), 199-224.

Janiewski, Delores.  "Seeking 'a New Day and a New Way': Black Women and Unions in the
Southern Tobacco Industry," in Carol Groneman and Mary Beth Norton, eds., "To Toil the
Livelong Day": America's Women at Work, 1780-1980.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987.

Jones, Beverly W.  "Race, Sex, and Class: Black Female Tobacco Workers in Durham, North
Carolina, 1920-1940, and the Development of Female Consciousness," Feminist Studies 10 (Fall
1984), 441-451.

Josephson, Matthew.  Sidney Hilman: Statesman of American Labor.
Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1952.

Karson, Marc, and Ronald Radosh.  "The American Federation of Labor and the Negro Worker,
1894-1949," in Julius Jacobson, ed.  The Negro and the American Labor Movement.  Garden
City, NY: Doubleday, 1968.

Keeran, Roger.  "The International Workers Order and the Rise of the CIO," Labor History 30
(1989), 385-408.

Kessler-Harris, Alice.  "Problems of Coalition-Building: Women and Trade Unions in the 1920s,"
in Ruth Milkman, ed. Women, Work, and Protest: A Century of US Women's Labor History.
London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Kimeldorf, Howard, and Robert Penney, “‘Excluded’ by Choice: Dynamics of Interracial
Unionism on the Philadelphia Waterfront, 1910-1930,” International Labor and Working-Class
History (Spring 1997), 50-71.

Lasky, Marjorie Penn.  "'When I Was a Person': The Ladies' Auxiliary in the 1934 Minneapolis
Teamsters' Strikes," in Ruth Milkman, ed., Women, Work, and Protest: A Century of U.S.
Women's Labor History.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Leab, Daniel J.  "'United We Eat': The Creation and Organization of the Unemployed Councils in
1930," Labor History 8 (1967), 300-315, reprinted in Leab, ed., The Labor History Reader.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Monroy, Douglas, "Anarquismo y Communismo: Mexican Radicalism and the Communist Party
in Los Angeles during the 1930s,"  Labor History 24 (1983), 34-59.

Morris, James O.  Conflict within the AFL: A Study of Craft Versus Industrial Unionism, 1901-
1938.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1958.

Murphy, Paul L.  The Passaic Textile Strike of 1926.  Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing
Company, 1974.

Naison, Mark.  Communists in Harlem During the Depression.  Urbana: University of Illinois
Press, 1979.

Nelson, Daniel.  "The Company Union Movement, 1900-1937: A Reexamination," Business
History Review 56 (1982), 335-357.

Norwood, Stephen.  “Ford’s Brass Knuckles: Harry Bennett, the Cult of Mascularity, and Anti-
Labor Terror–1920-1945,” Labor History 37 (Summer 1996), 365-391.

Pope, Liston.  Millhands and Preachers: A Study of Gastonia.  New Haven: Yale University
Press, 1942.

Pratt, William C.  “Divided Workers, Divided Communities: The 1921-22 Packinghouse Strike in
Omaha and Nebraska City,” Labor’s Heritage 5 (Winter 1994), 50-65.

Preston, William, Jr.  Aliens and Dissenters: Federal Suppression of Radicals, 1903-33.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963.

Rosenzweig, Roy.  "Organizing the Unemployed: The Early Years of the Great Depression, 1929-
2933," Radical America 10 (1976), 37-62.

Rosenzweig, Roy.  "Radicals and the Jobless: The Musteites and the Unemployed Leagues, 1932-
1936," Labor History 16 (1975), 37-60.

Rosenzweig, Roy.  "Socialism in Our Time: The Socialist Party and the Unemployed, 1929-
1936," Labor History 20 (1979), 495-509.

Rosner, David, and Gerlad Markowitz.  "Safety and Health on the Job as a Class Issue: The
Workers' Health Bureau of America in the 1920's," Science and Society 6 (1984), 28-46.

Schacht, John Norten.  "Toward Industrial Unionism: Bell Telephone Workers and Company
Unions, 1919-1937," Labor History 16 (1975), 5-36.

Sterba, Christopher M.  “Family, Work, and Nation: Hazelton, Pennsylvania, and the 1934
General Strike in Textiles,” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 120 (January/April
1996), 3-35.

Tomlins, Christopher.  The State and the Unions: Labor Relations, Law, and the Organized
Labor Movement in America, 1880-1960.  London: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

Walkowitz, Daniel.  "The Making of Feminine Professional Identity: Social Workers in the
1920s," American Historical Review 95 (1990), 1051-1075.

Wollenberg, Charles.  "Huelga, 1928 Style: The Imperial Valley Cantaloupe Workers' Strike,"
Pacific Historical Review 38 (1969), 45-58.
 

10. The Rise of Mass Production Unionism and a New Deal for Workers: 1920s-1930s (Top

Barnard, John.  "Rebirth of the UAW: Skilled and Production Workers in the Tool and Die
Makers Strike of 1939," Labor History 27 (1986), 165-187.

Barnard, John.  Walter Reuther and the Rise of the Auto Workers.
Boston: Little, Brown, 1983.

Bernstein, Irving.  A Caring Society: The New Deal, the Worker, and the Great Depression: A
History of the American Worker, 1933-1941.  Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1985.

Bernstein, Irving.  Turbulent Years: A History of the American Worker, 1933-1941.  Boston:
Houghton-Mifflin, 1969.

Boyle, Kevin.  "Rite of Passage: The 1939 General Motors Tool and Diemakers' Strike," Labor
History 27 (1986), 188-203.

Brody, David.  "The Emergence of Mass-Production Unionism," in Brody. Workers in Industrial
America: Essays on the 20th Century Struggle, 2nd ed.  New York: Oxford University Press,
1993.

Brody, David.  "Thinking about Industrial Unionism," in Brody, Workers in Industrial America:
Essays on the 20th Century Struggle, 2nd ed.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Brody, David.  "The Origins of Modern Steel Unionism: The SWOC Era," in Paul F. Clark, Peter
Gottlieb, and Donald Kennedy, eds.  Forging a Union of Steel: Philip Murray, SWOC, and the
United Steelworkers.  Ithaca: ILR Press of Cornell University, 1987, 13-29.

Cohen, Lizabeth.  Making a New Deal: Indsutrial Workers in Chicago, 1919-1939.  Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Dickerson, Dennis.  Out of the Crucible: Black Steelworkers in Western Pennsylvania, 1875-
1940.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Dubofsky, Melvyn, and Warren Van Tyne.  John L. Lewis: A Biography.  New York:
Quadrangle/New York Times, 1977.

Dubofsky, Melvyn, and Warren Van Tine.  "John L. Lewis and the Triumph of Mass-Production
Unionism," in Dubofsky and Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.  Urbana: University of
Illinois Press, 1987.

Faue, Elizabeth.  Community of Suffering and Struggle: Women, Men, and the Labor Movement
in Minneapolis, 1915-1945.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.

Fine, Sidney.  Sit-Down: The General Motors Strike of 1936-37.

Fones-Wolf, Elizabeth.  "Industrial Unionism and Labor Movement Culture in Depression Era
Philadelphia," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 154 (1985), 3-26.

Friedlander, Peter.  The Emergence of a UAW Local, 1936-1939: A Study in Class and Culture.

Galenson, Walter.  The CIO Challenge to the AFL: A History of the American Labor Movement,
1935-1941.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960.

Gerstle, Gary.  "The Mobilization of the Working-Class Community: The Independent Textile
Union in Woonsocket, 1931-1946," Radical History Review 17 (Spring 1978), 161-172.

Gobel, Thomas. "Becoming American: Ethnic Workers and the Rise of the CIO," Labor History
29 (1988), 173-198.

Goldfield, Michael.  “Race and the CIO: The Possibilities for Racial Egalitarianism during the
1930s and 1940s,” International Labor and Working-Class History 44 (Fall 1993), 1-32.

Gonzalez, Gilbert G. “the Mexican Citrus Pickers Union, the Mexican Consulate, and the Orange
County Strike of 1936,” Labor History 35 (Winter 1994), 48-65.

Green, James R.  “Democracy Comes to ‘Little Siberia’: Steel Workers Organize in Aliquippa,
Pennsylvania, 1933-1937,” Labor’s Heritage 34 (Spring/Summer 1993), 4-27.

Holter, Darryl.  "Labor Law and the Road to Taft-Hartley: Wisconsin's 'Little Wagner Act,' 1935-
1945," Labor Studies Journal 15 (Summer 1990), 20-47.

Ingalls, Robert P. “The Wagner Act on Trial: Vigilante Violence and the Struggle to Organize
Textile Workers in Fitzgerald, Georgia, 1937-1940,” Georgia Historical Quarterly 81 (Summer
1997), 370-394.

Lorence, James J.  “Controlling the Reserve Army: The United Automobile Workers and
Michigan’s Unemployed, 1935-1941,” Labor’s Heritage 5 (Spring 1994), 358-381.

Meier, August, and Elliot Rudwick.  Black Detroit and the Rise of the UAW.  New York: Oxford
University Press, 1979.

Meyerwitz, Ruth.  "Organizing the United Automobile Workers: Women Workers at the
Ternstedt General Motors Parts Plant," in Ruth Milkman, ed., Women, Work, and Protest: A
Century of US Women's Labor History.  London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1985.

Milkman, Ruth.  "Female Factory Labor and Industrial Structure: Control and Conflict over
'Woman's Place' in Auto and Electrical Manufacturing," Politics and Society 12 (1983), 159-203.

Nelson, Bruce, Ruth Milkman, Nelson Lichtenstein, Earl Lewis, and Robert Zieger, “Robert
Zieger’s History of the CIO: A Symposium,” Labor History 37 (Spring 1996), 157-188.

Nelson, Bruce.  Workers on the Waterfront: Seamen, Longshoremen, and Unionism in the 1930s.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988.

Nelson, Daniel.  "The CIO at Bay: Labor Militancy and Politics in Akron, 1936-1938," Journal of
American History 71 (1984), 568-586.

Nelson, Daniel.  "Origins of the Sit-Down Era: Worker Militancy and Innovation in the Rubber
Industry, 1934-1938," Labor History 23 (1982), 198-225, reprinted in Daniel J. Leab, ed., The
Labor History Reader.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Painter, Nell Irvin.  The Narrative of Hosea Hudson: His Life as a Negro Communist in the
South.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979.

Phillips, Kimberly L.  Alabama North: African-American Migrants, Community, and Working-
Class Activism in Cleveland, 1915-45.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999.

Piven, Francis Fox, and Richard A. Cloward, Poor People's Movements: Why They Succeed, How
They Fail.  New York: Pantheon, 1972.

Scharf, Lois.  To Work and to Wed: Female Employment, Feminism, and the Great Depression.
Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1980.

Sofchalk, Donald G.  "The Chicago Memorial Day Incident: An Episode of Mass Action," Labor
History 6 (1965), 3-43.

Trotter, Joe William, Jr.  Black Milwaukee: The Making of an Industrial Proletariat, 1915-45.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Zieger, Robert.  The CIO: 1935-1955.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
 
 

11. How Radical Were the 1930s? (Top

Andrew, William.  "Factionalism and Anti-Communism: Ford Local 600," Labor History 20
(1979), 227-255.

Bodnar, John.  "Immigration, Kinship, and the Rise of Working-Class Realism in Industrial
America," Journal of Social History 41 (1980), 45-65.

Borczka, Ray.  "Militancy and Factionalism in the United Auto Workers Union, 1937-1941," The
Maryland Historian 8 (Fall 1977), 13-25.

Borczka, Ray.  "Seasons of Discontent: Auto Union factionalism and the Motor Products Strike
of 1935-1936," Michigan History 61 (Spring 1977), 3-32.

Cochran, Bert.  Labor and Communism: The Conflict That Shaped American Unions.  Princeton,
NJ: Princeton University Pres, 1977.

Dubofsky, Melvyn.  "Not So 'Turbulent Years': A New Look at the 1930s," in Charles
Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of American Working-Class
History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Filipelli, Ronald.  "UE: The Formative Years, 1933-1937," Labor History 17 (1976), 351-371.

Goldfield, Michael.  "Worker Insurgency, Radical Organization, and New Deal Labor
Legislation," American Political Science Review 83 (1989), 1257-1282.

Halpern, Martin.  "The 1939 UAW Convention: Turning Point for Communist Power in the Auto
Union?"  Labor History 33 (Spring 1992), 191-216.

Keeran, Roger.  The Communist Party and the Auto Workers' Unions.  Bloomington: Indiana
University Press, 1988.

Levine, Rhonda.  Class Struggle and the New Deal: Industrial Labor, Industrial Capital, and the
State.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1988.

Lichtenstein, Nelson N.  "The Communist Experience in American Trade Unions," Industrial
Relations 19 (Spring 1980), 119-130 (and comments by Robert Zieger and Roger Keeran).

Montgomery, David.  "American Workers and the New Deal Formula," in Montgomery, Workers'
Control in America: Studies in the History of Work, Technology, and Labor Struggles.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

Oestreicher, Richard.  "Urban Working Class Political Behavior and Theories of American
Electoral Politics, 1870-1945," Journal of American History 74 (March 1988), 1257-1286.

Prickett, James R.  "Communism and Factionalism in the United Automobile Workers, 1939-
1947," Science and Society 32 (1968), 257-277.

Strom, Sharon Hartman.  "Challenging 'Woman's Place': Feminism, the Left, and Industrial
Unionism During the 1930s," Feminist Studies 9 (1983), 359-386.

Walzer, Kenneth.  "The Party and the Polling Place: American Communism and an American
Labor Party in the 1930s," Radical History Review 23 (1980), 104-129.
 

12. World War II and the Postwar Compromise (Top)

Bernstein, Barton J.  "Walter Reuther and the General Motors Strike of 1945-1946," Michigan
History 49 (September 1965), 260-277.

Critchlow, Donald T.  "Communist Unions and Racism: A Comparative Study of the United
Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers and the National Maritime Union to the Black Question
during World War II," Labor History 17 (1976), 230-244.

Freeman, Joshua.  "Delivering the Goods: Industrial Unionism during World War II," Labor
History 19 (1978), 570-594, reprinted in Daniel J. Leab, ed. The Labor History Reader.  Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1985.

Gall, Gilbert J.  “‘Rights Which Have Meaning’: Reconceiving Labor Liberty in the 1940s,” Labor
History 39 (August 1998), 273-290.

Gamboa, Ernasmo.  Mexican Labor and World War II: Braceros in the Pacific Northwest, 1942-
2947.  Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990.

Gerstle, Gary.  Working-Class Americanism: The Politics of Labor in a Textile City, 1914-1960.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Glaberman, Martin.  Wartime Strikes: The Struggle against the No-Strike Pledge in the U.A.W.
during World War II.  Detroit: Bewick, 1980.

Green, James.  "Fighting on Two Fronts: Working-Class Militancy in the 1940s," Radical
America 9 (July-Aug. 1975), 7-48.

Griffith, Barbara.  The Crisis of American Labor: Operation Dixie and the Defeat of the CIO.
Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988.

Halpern, Martin.  UAW Politics in the Cold War Era.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1988.

Halpern, Martin.  "Taft-Hartley and the Defeat of the Progressive Alternative in the United Auto
Workers," Labor History 27 (Spring 1986), 204-226.

Isserman, Maurice.  Which Side Were You On? The American Communist Party During the
Second World War.  Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1982.

Kimeldorf, Howard.  Reds or Rackets?: The Making of Radical and Conservative Unions on the
Waterfront.  Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1988.

Kimeldorf, Howard.  "World War II and the Deradicalization of American Labor: The ILWU as a
Deviant Case," Labor History 33 (Spring 1992), 248-278.

Lichtenstein, Alex.  “Putting Labor’s House in Order: The Transport Workers Union and Labor
Anti-Communism in Miami during the 1940s,” Labor History 39 (February 1998), 7-23.

Lichtenstein, Nelson.  Labor's War at Home: The CIO in World War II.  Cambridge, MA:
Cambridge University Press, 1982.

Matles, James J., and James Higgins.  Them and Us: Struggles of a Rank-and-File Union ([UE in
1950s-60s].  Boston: Beacon Press, 1974.

McColloch, Mark.  "Consolidating Industrial Citizenship: The USWA at War and Peace, 1939-
46," in Paul F. Clark, Peter Gottlieb, and Donald Kennedy, eds.  Forging a Union of Steel: Philip
Murray, SWOC ,and the United Steelworkers.  Ithaca: ILR Press of Cornell University, 1987, 45-
86.

Meyer, Stephen.  "Stalin over Wisconsin" The Making and Unmaking of Militant Unionism,
1900-1950.  New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1992.

Miller, Marc Scott.  The Irony of Victory: World War II and Lowell, Massachusetts.  Urbana:
University of Illinois Press, 1988.

Quam-Wickham, Nancy. "Who Controls the Hiring Hall?  The Struggle for Job Control in the
ILWU during World War II," in Steve Rosswurm, ed., The CIO's Left-Led Unions.  New
Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992.

Schatz, Ronald.  "Philip Murray and the Subordination of the Industrial Unions to the United
States Government," in Melvyn Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Labor Leaders in America.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Seidman, Joel.  American Labor from Defense to Reconversion.  Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1953.

Sitkoff, Harvard.  "Racial Militancy and Interracial Violence in the Second World War," Journal
of American History 58 (1971), 661-681.

Torigian, Michael.  "National Unity on the Waterfront: Communist Politics and the ILWU During
the Second World War," Labor History 30 (1989), 409-532.

Zieger, Robert H. "Leadership Bureaucracy in the Late CIO," Labor History 31 (Summer 1990),
253-270.
 

13.Women and Black Workers during and after
        World War II (Top)
Albelda, Randy.  "'Nice Work If You Can Get It': Segmentation of White and Black Women
Workers in the Post-War Period," Review of Radical Political Economics 17 (1985), 72-85.

Anderson, Karen.  "Last Hired, First Fired: Black Women Workers During World War II,"
Journal of American History 69 (1982), 82-97.

Anderson, Karen.  Wartime Women: Sex Roles, Family Relations, and the Status of Women
During World War II.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1981.

Clive, Alan.  "Women Workers in World War II: Michigan as a Case Study," Labor History 20
(1979), 44-72.

Cline, Cheryl.  “Autobiographies by American Working-Class Women: An Annotated
Bibliography,” Women’s Studies Quarterly 23 (Spring/Summer 1995), 121-130.

Dickerson, Dennis.  "Fighting on the Domestic Front: Black Steelworkers during World War II,"
in Charles Stephenson and Robert Asher, eds., Life and Labor: Dimensions of American
Working-Class History.  Albany: SUNY Press, 1986.

Fehn, Bruce. “Ruin or Renewal: The United packinghouse Workers of America and the 1948
Meatpacking Strike in Iowa,” Annals of Iowa 56 (Fall 1997), 450-470.

Frank, Miriam, Marilyn Ziebarth, and Connie Field.  The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter: The
Story of Three Million Working Women During World War II.

Gabin, Nancy F.  Feminism in the Labor Movement: Women and the United Auto Workers, 1935-
1975.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.

Gabin, Nancy F.  "Women Workers and the UAW in the Post-World War II Period: 1945-1954,"
Labor History 21 (1979-1980), 5-30.

Goldin, Claudia.  "The Role of World War II in the Rise of Women's Employment," American
Economic Review 81 (1991), 741-757.

Hall, Jacqueline Dowd.  "Disorderly Women: Gender and Labor Militancy in the Appalachian
South," Journal of American History 73 (1986), 354-382.

Harris, William.  "A. Philip Randolph, Black Workers, and the Labor Movement," in Melvyn
Dubofsky and Warren Van Tine, eds., Lab