Prof. Martha Carlin

                                                                         Week 10: Tuesday
 

                                                        SCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES

Seven Liberal Arts:
    Trivium = grammar, logic, rhetoric
    Quadrivium = arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music

11th cent.:    Rise of urban schools; decline of monastic schools
end of 11th-12th cent.:    Introduction to West of Justinian's Corpus Juris Civilis (compiled
                       mid 6th cent.; includes concept that "the will of the prince has the force of law"),
                       and of Aristotle's works (translated into Latin)

Major scholarly controversies:
    debate over "universals" ("realists" held that universals were real; "nominalists" held that universals
        had no reality and were only names; "conceptualists" held that universals were real as concepts)
    relationship between reason and revelation

Peter Abelard (1079-1142): Sic et Non

Gratian, Decretum (c. 1140): codification of canon law
Accursius of Bologna, Glossa Ordinaria (mid 1200s): codification of commentaries on
                        Corpus Juris Civilis

Late 12th-13th cent.:    Rise of universities (see map; most important: Bologna for law; Salerno for medicine; Paris
        for philosophy and theology)

Books were so valuable that they might be chained to library shelves, as here in Hereford Cathedral's library

Attempts to reconcile reason with revelation:
    Ibn Rushd (known in the West as Averroes, 1126-1198): attempted to reconcile Aristotle with Islam
    Moses Maimonides (1135-1204), Guide for the Perplexed: attempted to reconcile Aristotle with
        Hebrew Bible
    St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), Summa Theologica: attempted to reconcile reason with
        Christianity
 
 

Online readings:

 Pierre Abelard (1079-1142), Sic et Non (Yes and No), c. 1120, and Historia calamitatum
    ("The Story of My Misfortunes"): excerpts

 Gregory IX: Statutes for the University of Paris, 1231

 Jacques de Vitry: Student life at the University of Paris, 13th century

 St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-75), Summa theologica: Justification for the Inquisition
 
 

                                                                                Thursday:

                                                           RESEARCH PAPER DUE IN CLASS